Non-pollution vegetable pest comprehensive control technology

I. Agricultural control measures

1. Based on local conditions, select disease-resistant varieties and varieties with low enrichment of nitrates. For vegetable species with serious vegetable diseases that have no effective prevention and control methods, pest resistant varieties must be selected.

2. Do a good job of seed treatment and seed bed disinfection to reduce seedling disease. (1) Soaking with warm soup: Soak seeds in water at 50-55°C (ie, 2 parts boiling water to 1 part cold water). Dip and stir. Add hot water at any time to maintain the temperature for 10-15 minutes. Then add cold water to lower the temperature. (2) Pharmaceutical treatment: 1 Soaking with 40% formalin 50 to 100 times for 20 to 30 minutes, remove the seeds and fumigation for 2 to 3 hours, then rinse with clean water to prevent anthrax and blight; 2 100 times soaking of the sulphate ketone 10 to 15 minutes, remove the liquid with clean water to prevent anthrax; 3 soaked with 10% trisodium phosphate solution, and then washed with water until neutral, can prevent tomato virus disease. (3) seedbed disinfection: 40% formalin 50 to 100 times the liquid three weeks before sowing with a sprayer evenly spraying seedbed soil, sealed tightly with a plastic film for 5 days, and then remove the film for two weeks, until the drug volatilization after sowing .

3, timely sowing, the implementation of rotation, to avoid continuous cropping with the same family, to reduce the residual bacteria and eggs. Closely plant the plant and strengthen the field management to remove the diseased and diseased plants in time to control the occurrence of pests and diseases.

4, soil testing formula fertilization. Pay attention to the application of organic fertilizer, implement a reasonable mix of NPK in different crops, and reduce the concentration of nitrate in the soil.

Second, biological control measures

1. Select biopesticides or biochemicals that have good effects on humans and animals, natural enemies, or those with minimal toxicity. For example: BT emulsion 500 times control pests of cabbage caterpillars, diamondback moth and other insects; 15% Liuyangmycin emulsion 1000 times control red spider mite, tea yellow skull; 10% multi-resistant antibiotics 1 million units to prevent melons, tomato powdery mildew, Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia rot caused by vegetables, damping-off; 72% of agricultural streptomycin sulfate soluble powder to prevent soft rot, bacterial wilt and so on.

2. Select specific insect growth regulators with high insecticidal activity and extremely low human and animal toxicity. For example: Select 5% Suppository EC 1000 times or 5% Nongmeng EC 1500 times to control young larvae, cabbage caterpillar, and diamondback moth.

Third, chemical control measures

1. Select high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue pesticides and scientifically and standardly adopt chemical control methods to prevent and control pests and diseases.

(1) Pieris rapae and Plutella xylostella: The optimum temperature was 20 to 30°C and the relative humidity was about 70%. 1 Use 1.8% of avermectin EC product volume 30-50 g/mu, apply the drug before hatching of the diamondback moth until the second instar of the larvae, and simultaneously treat cabbage caterpillars. [Precautions]: Sensitive to fish and aquatic organisms. Highly toxic to bees. People and animals must not enter within 48 hours after application. The minimum interval between two uses is 7 days. 6 days before harvest. The commercial volume of 10% beta-cypermethrin EC is 10-15 ml/mu. It can be used for the control of Plutella xylostella in the treatment of cabbage caterpillar 2 to 3 years of age. [Precautions]: At low temperatures, the effect is good, and attention should be paid to alternate use; it is highly toxic to silkworms, bees and some fish. 3 Select 30% acephate EC commodity volume 75 to 120 ml / acre, when the cabbage caterpillar 2 to 3 years of age when the application of control, can also control diamondback moth. [Precautions]: The drug is used once per quarter of vegetables. Note that it is used alternately; the safety interval is 7 days. 4 Selection of 1% emamectin benzoate EC 15 to 20 grams of merchandise, in the early hatching of the diamondback moth to the larvae before the second instar, can also be used to cure cabbage caterpillar. [Precautions]: Sensitive to fish and aquatic organisms; highly toxic to bees; humans and animals must not enter the premises within 48 hours after application. The minimum interval between two uses is 7 days, and the use is stopped 6 days before harvest; 5 Use Avi chlorpyrifos. Emulsion 1500 ~ 2000 times liquid, spray control in the young larvae period; (2) aphids: from mid-April to early June is the first peak of damage, the formation of a second peak in autumn and winter. 1 Use 10% imidacloprid WP product volume 10-15 g/mu or 10% gadolinium 2000 times solution in the initial stage of wheat aphid application. [Precautions]: In case of low temperature, the effect has been reduced. 2 Use 2.5% of deltamethrin EC for 30-50 ml/mu, and apply it at the beginning of the worm. [Precautions]: High toxicity to silkworms, bees, and some fish; pay attention to alternate use; leafy vegetables are forbidden 15 days before harvest; (3) Nocturnal insect pests: severe damage from July to October every year, development is appropriate temperature 29 to 30°C. Use 4% AMD high-chlorine EC 1000 times solution, 48% LOSUN EC (or 40% chlorpyrifos EC 2000 times or 2.5% Uranus EC 3000 times or 2.5% chlorin-emulsion 2000 times or 10% cypermethrin EC 2000 times liquid) and other prevention and treatment, and treatment of 28 ladybugs, spraying should be selected in the evening; (4) Starscream, tea yellow pods: the peak of spider mites is from June to August, tea yellow pods 6 to 7 The damage of the month is serious. Use 48% of Le Siben EC or 1.8% Insulin Ke EC (or 15% broom net EC or 15% Zi Ling EC, etc.) to control; (5) Disease at seedling stage (rough blight, damping-off): 猝The temperature of the disease is 15 to 16°C, and the temperature is 17 to 28°C. The damping-off disease is most likely to occur at low temperature, high humidity, seedling crowding, and weak light conditions. Blight is that high temperature and high humidity are conducive to the growth of bacteria. Use 64% green bred to raise seedling Zhuang (?f cream spirit, anti-virus scorpion) control; (6) cabbage, melon downy mildew: the incidence of the optimum temperature of 20 ~ 26 °C, relative humidity of 85%, the temperature rose to 20 ~ 24 At °C, if there is a lot of rain or condensation, the disease spreads rapidly. 1 Use 40% triethylaluminum phosphate WP product volume 235-470 g/mu or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder commodity quantity 110-150 g, used in the early stage of downy mildew; 2 Use 72% manganese zinc frost Urea cyanide (or 64% MnZn?f creamine or 25% methylpropamocarb) and other control; (7) cabbage soft rot disease: the disease spread through the fertilizer and insects, bacteria invasion from the wound, the optimum temperature 27 ~ At 30°C, it is prone to onset of dampness and humidity. Use 47% Garenon or 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate for prevention and control; (8) Melon, Solanaceae disease: mainly in cucumber, melon, pepper, tomato and other crops. High temperature and high humidity are important conditions for the onset of illness. Temperatures at 25 to 30°C can be rapidly prevalent in the event of rain or rain. 69% of dimethomorph manganese zinc (Anke), 64% of MnZn?f creamine, 25% of cymoxanil, etc. were used for prevention and control; (9) Viral disease: mainly transmitted through locusts, high temperature and drought was beneficial to the disease. Occurrence usually begins in early April and peaks in mid-May. Select 3.85% ribavirin copper zinc (Virus Bic) or 20% morpholine ketoxime (Poison Buster) WP 500 times in the early onset of the spray; (10) cowpea rust: temperature 24 °C, even the rain or Intermittent light rain for a long time. Use 10% difenoconazole (final, difenoxazol), 15% triadimefon, etc.; (11) Fruit, bean wilt disease: temperature 24 ~ 28 °C, relative humidity more than 80% when easy to disease The most likely place for continuous cropping. Use 40% withered wilt and 3% of mesogenic bacteria 600-800 times to irrigate root; (12) Snail: use 6% propolis (or 3% of clomazone or 6% pyrimidine) granules to control; (13) ginger Rickets: also known as ginger rot or bacterial wilt, is a bacterial disease, mainly endanger the roots, stems and ginger. The diseased ginger block was softened and rotted, and the backlogged white sap was smelly and smelly; the stem was dark purple, the interior was brown and rot, and the leaves wilted and curled. The diseased ginger species was the main source of infection, and the peak period of disease was from August to September. Prevention and control of the implementation of crop rotation, to avoid continuous planting with the solanaceous vegetables, found the diseased plants, timely eradication, and then use 78% Jiang Yongning 300 to 500 times or 72% of the agricultural streptomycin sulfate 3000 times or 23% of ammonium 500 times copper liquid irrigated the nest, and used 3% of the bacteria to disinfect the soil to kill the residual pathogens in the soil and prevent the spread of the disease.

Fourth, pay attention to matters

1. Strictly control the time of application of pesticides, and strictly prohibit the use of pesticides before harvesting commercial vegetables. Each application interval is 7-10 days. The banned period for leafy vegetables is 7 to 12 days, the banned period for eggplant vegetables is 2 to 7 days, and the banned period for melon vegetables is 2 to 3 days.

2. It is forbidden to use high-toxicity and high-residue pesticides in the production of pollution-free vegetables, especially pesticides that have not been registered by the Ministry of Agriculture. In order to allow the majority of residents to eat high-quality and healthy vegetables and avoid acute poisoning or chronic poisoning of vegetables, the following pesticides are prohibited to use on vegetable crops: methamidophos, parathion (1605), methyl parathion (methyl 1605), monocrotophos, phosphoamine (the above five pesticides are explicitly banned), isocarbophos, synergistic methamidophos, methylisotriphos, quinophos, chlorfenoxa, omethoate, supersonic Killed, carbofuran (carbacarb), methomyl, aldicarb, dicofol, propadan, insecticidal, insecticidal, zinc phosphide, aluminum phosphide, cyanide, fluoroacetamide, chloropicrin , arsenic, mercury preparations, etc.

Sweet Corn Cob

A medium-sized ear of corn provides more than 10% of our daily dietary fiber requirements. Rich dietary fiber can help the body to carry out a rapid metabolism function, but also can make a strong sense of satiety.
The same amount of corn is lower in calories than rice, contains natural rather than added sugar, and is high in fiber, which can help gastrointestinal digestion, and has more vitamins, so it is a good food worth eating more. However, there is a limit to what you eat, and the food that will not gain weight will make you fat if you eat too much, at least, it will not make you thin. It can only be said that relatively speaking, eating corn is much healthier than eating those high-calorie snacks, and it is not easy to gain weight.
Moreover, the large amount of natural vitamin E contained in fresh corn has the functions of promoting cell division, delaying cell aging, lowering serum cholesterol, preventing skin lesions, and reducing the symptoms of arteriosclerosis and brain function decline.

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Jilin Province Argricultural Sister-in-law Food Co., Ltd. , https://www.nscorn.com