Cauliflower is a strict temperature requirements, adverse environmental performance sensitive vegetables, planting cauliflower therefore need to choose varieties suited to local cultivation according to local climatic conditions and market demand. Here to tell us about the varieties of cauliflower Jinpin 56 planting techniques suitable for planting in Tianjin. Early Cauliflower of new varieties Jinpin bouquet of 56 white, smooth and delicate, high-ball round, firm, slightly sweet taste, wide adaptability, suitable for autumn open field cultivation, recognized by the market and growers alike, a total area of ​​promotion 2 000 hm2. According species characteristics and reasonable arrangements for sowing, take appropriate cultivation and management technology to improve productivity, can greatly increase farmers' income. 1 Characteristic characteristics Jinpin 56 bred by the Tianjin Kernel Vegetable Research Institute, male sterility of new varieties of early maturing cauliflower Qiulu, the maturity of 55 days. Erect compact, fold in the leaf hold to protect the ball is good, suitable for close planting. The flower ball is round, white, tender, smooth, hairless, spherical, good in commodity properties, strong in growth and good in disease resistance; single ball mass 0.84 kg, 667 m2 yield 2 770 kg, ideal for autumn field cultivation The variety has been promoted for 5 years in a row, and the market has responded well. The cumulative planting area has reached more than 2 000 hm2. 2 cultivation management technology 2.1 Selection of sowing date Early Cauliflower because of the short growing cycle of sowing very strict, prone to premature sowing early flowering falls to pieces, the hair bulb, leaf folder, pumping branches, rotten balls and other anomalies, too late sown prone insignificant ball, spherical flower The green pigment accumulates purple. Suitable sowing broccoli is Qiulu to ensure high yield cultivation, according to the species characteristics Jinpin 56, depending on the actual situation of the local culture, combined with the climatic conditions of the year, reasonable arrangement sowing. To Beijing and Tianjin, for example, a normal year sowing June 10 to July 10 is appropriate, all regions should be reasonable arrangements for sowing cultivation according to local circumstances, environmental conditions and climate characteristics of the year, or early sowing should not blind Late sowing. 2.2 Sowing and seedling management 1 preparation before planting Choose the 72-hole plug seedlings, the seedlings grow well, easy to manage, economical and practical. The trays were immersed in potassium permanganate 5,000 times for 2 h, and then removed for drying. The substrate can be selected from commercially available vegetable seedling substrates, sprayed with a shower head and evenly mixed, then filled with trays, each cavity is evenly filled with a substrate, and then scraped with a wooden board to scrape off excess matrix. After filling the substrate, put it in 10 trays, press the tray evenly, so that the hole depth of the tray is 0.5-1.0 cm, and then placed neatly on the seedbed. In order to make the seeds germinated neatly, the seeds were dried before sowing, and spread in the sun for 6 h to break the dormancy period. One or two seeds were spotted at each hole, and the vermiculite was scraped flat. After sowing the soil, use a fine eye shower to evenly water, avoid the water flow too much, so as not to wash the seeds out of the tray. The first water is poured through, the upper cover is covered with cloth, and the sunshade net is placed on the cloth to prevent evaporation of water and reduce the temperature of the seedbed. 2 seedling management After 2 days of sowing, the seedlings began to be unearthed, and the shading net and the cloth were removed. The seedlings were laid out in about 4 days, and the small water was poured with a 40-mesh shower in the evening, and the substrate was poured. 7 After the emperor leaves expanded timely thinning, leaving only one seedling per hole, the seedlings need to stay consistent growth and tidy, remove diseased seedlings and unearthed late seedlings and nursery plot collector nozzle open. There must be sufficient water in the seedling stage, especially the early-maturing broccoli must be watered according to the weather and the water content of the substrate. Generally, watering once a day, choose to pour small water in time from 16:00 to 17:00 to keep the substrate wet. Dry, the most suitable humidity is 60% to 70% to promote seedling growth. When the seedling grows to 2 leaves and 1 heart, a small amount of urea should be applied, and 1 to 2 capsules per hole can be used. During the nursery period, it is necessary to prevent the invasion and pests of summer rain, cover the plastic film in rainy days, and spray chemical pesticides to prevent insects every week. The main pests in the seedling stage are aphids and cabbage caterpillars. The control methods can be sprayed with insecticides such as imidacloprid, avidin, avermectin and the weeds in the seedbed. 2.3 Field management after planting 1 colonization In the autumn, when planting broccoli, you must choose a fertile land with high topography, smooth drainage, good fertilizer and water retention, and not to be continuous with cruciferous vegetables. Clean up the weeds and the residual mites of the front mites, make 3 m wide sputum according to the plot, re-apply the decomposed organic fertilizer, apply 4 m3 of organic fertilizer and 50 kg of compound fertilizer per 667 m2, and use the tiller to turn the ground in time after fertilization. , 耙平, made a jogging raft, while digging the drain to facilitate drainage. Because it is in the hot and rainy season when planting, it should be selected in rainy days and early and late planting, while planting and watering to prevent seedlings from dehydration and death. The seedling age requirement is no more than 25 days. When the physiological seedling age is 4 leaves and 1 heart, the healthy and uniform seedlings are selected and planted early, and the older seedlings are avoided. The depth of planting is preferably such that the soil is just buried. When the seedlings are inconsistent at the time of planting, the seedlings with the same growth are planted together to facilitate field management. Reasonable close planting is an important technical measure for harvesting and harvesting. According to the characteristics of different varieties, the planting density is selected. The plant of Jinpin 56 is upright and compact, suitable for close planting. It is suitable to plant 3,300 plants per 667 m2, that is, the plant spacing is 40 cm and the row spacing is 50 cm. 2 Water and fertilizer management after planting After planting, it is in the high temperature season. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the frequency of watering. In the rainless weather, water should be poured according to the soil moisture for 7 to 10 days until the harvest, but the soil should be wet and dry. Generally, it is better to choose watering in the afternoon. A ploughing, cultivating must be deep, increase the fluidity of the soil air, to promote the breathing of the roots, to help the seedlings absorb water and absorb nutrients, and supply nutrients. After planting, the fertilizer will be applied from the second watering, and 35 kg of urea per 667 m2 or 20 kg of compound fertilizer with higher nitrogen content will promote the robust growth of the seedlings. Because Jinpin 56 has a short growth cycle, it should be one-water and one-fertilizer, and big water and big fertilizer will promote growth and promote the end. The last top dressing is carried out when the plant enters the rosette period, applying 25 kg of urea per 667 m2. Since the whole growing season is in a rainy season, the lower mouth should be opened after each watering to facilitate drainage and flood control, and to clear the weeds in the field. The rich vegetative body is the basis for obtaining a large quality flower ball, otherwise it is prone to undesirable phenomena such as early spheroidal, scattered ball, yellow ball and small hair ball. 3 field pest control Take measures to prevent disease and cure insects throughout the growing period. Jinpin 56 has a short growth period, but it is in the high incidence period of pests and diseases, focusing on controlling aphids, cabbage caterpillars, beet armyworms, etc., and spraying imidacloprid, anti-carbocarb, carbaryl salt, avermectin, Bacillus thuringiensis, etc. as needed. . The main diseases are black rot and downy mildew, mainly for prevention, smooth surface, no water, spraying agricultural streptomycin or 36% thiophanate-methyl suspension 500 times in continuous rainy weather, which can effectively reduce The occurrence of the disease. 3 harvesting When the flower ball is fully grown and not loose, it is an important measure to ensure the good quality of the broccoli. The harvesting affects the production too early, and the harvesting is too late to reduce the quality and commerciality. The growth of Jinpin 56 is strong, the growth cycle of the variety is stable and tidy, and the harvesting can be carried out in batches. Since the flower of the Jinpin 56 is round and delicate, 3~5 small inner leaves should be kept outside the flower ball, or a sponge mesh bag should be placed on the flower ball jacket to avoid physical damage during transportation and reduce the flower ball. Commodity. The above is the high-yield main points of autumn and early broccoli variety Jinpin 56 planting, the content is for reference only. If you want to know more about agricultural technology, please pay attention to the Hui Nong School! Wenzhou Celecare Medical Instruments Co.,Ltd , https://www.wzcelecare.com
