What are the symptoms of carnivorous worm disease? How to prevent cattle coccidiosis?

Beef cattle coccidiosis is an insect-borne disease that uses locusts as a vector. It is caused by the bites of locusts when cattle and sheep are grazing and the worms in the mites. Therefore, beef cattle are infected with caribou. Coccidiosis usually occurs in the summer and autumn of July-September, and beef cattle worm disease has the characteristics of sporadic and local epidemic.

First, clinical symptoms

Beef cattle coccidiosis has an incubation period of 8 to 15 days and is classified into light and heavy. Light type: sick cows usually do not show obvious symptoms, mainly due to elevated body temperature of 39.8 ~ 41 ° C, showing heat retention, but after 3 to 5 days can return to normal. Conjunctival hyperemia, slight swelling of the surface lymph nodes, listlessness, loss of appetite and constipation, but usually good outcomes. Heavy: The diseased cows showed a significant increase in body temperature to 40.6~41.8 °C, and most of them showed heat. After the initial lack of energy and loss of appetite, after 2 to 5 days, the symptoms worsened, the ruminant slowed or stopped completely, the appetite was abolished, the amount of milk was drastically reduced, the shoulder lymph nodes were often enlarged in size, and the initial touch was harder and there was pain, then gradually Turn soft. Anemia is increasing, alternating constipation and diarrhea, yellow urine but no hematuria. Visible mucous membrane becomes pale after the initial flushing. When the symptoms are severe, the body is quickly thin, and the abdomen bow tends to lie down and eventually die due to severe exhaustion. In addition, a miscarriage usually occurs after a pregnant cow has become ill.

Second, the necropsy changes

The necropsy was found to be necropsy, and the body was thin, blood was thin, such as water, and coagulation was poor. There were yellow fat and connective tissue in the muscles, such as gelatinous edema. The pleural effusion and ascites are pale yellow, the small intestine serosa is yellow-stained and contains a lot of blood, and some of the diseased cows may have congestion plaques; there are different sizes of ulcer spots in the stomach and abdomen. The visceral membrane is yellow-stained. Pericardial effusion, red and yellow myocardium, soft texture; bleeding spots on the outer membrane of the heart and disseminated bleeding spots; bleeding spots in the coronary coronal sulcus. The liver is yellowish brown and the gallbladder expands to contain a large amount of thick bile. The spleen is obviously swollen and round, generally reaching 3 to 4 times the normal size and the spleen is red. The lungs are congested and edematous. The bronchi contains a lot of reddish foam.

Third, laboratory testing

1. Direct microscopic examination. Under sterile conditions, the ear vein blood of the cow is taken into a smear. After microscopy by Giemsa staining, red blood cells of uneven size can be seen. The red blood cells have rod-like, comma-shaped, ring-shaped worms, generally one. Red blood cells contain 1 to 4 worms, and the rate of infection is over 70%. This is the most accurate and important method for diagnosing the disease. Need to pay attention to the diagnosis of the pathogens must be identified, pay attention to the location, size, arrangement of the worms, the number and location of stained masses in the worms, and the number of different morphological worms, especially pay attention to certain worms The special structure unique to the body, the typical worm is a characteristic basis for diagnosing certain cokeworms. For example, the cattle worm is characterized by a bamboo bud shape, a rod shape and a length smaller than the red blood cell radius.

2, serological diagnosis. Mainly by indirect fluorescent antibody test, indirect hemagglutination test, complement binding reaction, etc. to diagnose the disease, which can be used routinely is an indirect fluorescent antibody test, mainly for quarantine of insects with low insect infection rate, and Epidemiological investigations were carried out in infected areas. The complement binding reaction is mainly used for the diagnosis of ring-shaped Taylor's coccidiosis. The indirect fluorescent antibody test is mainly used for the diagnosis of T. cerevisiae, with good specificity and high sensitivity. It is suitable for port quarantine, epidemiological investigation and clinical Applied in diagnosis.

Fourth, prevention measures

1, drug treatment. First use a 1% malathion solution to kill aphids to prevent the spread of the epidemic. Then, the anti-blood protozoa can be selected to use the commercially available blood worm net (the main component is triazepine), 5~7mg/kg according to the body weight, and the appropriate amount of physiological saline is added to prepare a 10% solution, and then deep muscle injection is performed, at intervals of 24 It can be used continuously for 2~3 times a day, which has a good therapeutic effect. For pregnant cows infected with the disease, it is also necessary to use progesterone. Each injection of 100mg can effectively prevent abortion. In addition, it can also be used for cardiac rehydration. It can be intravenously injected with a mixture of 2000mL 25% glucose solution, 200mL vitamin C injection, 20~30mL 10% An Na coffee injection, once every 3 to 5 days, with Good therapeutic effect.

2, blood transfusion therapy. Blood transfusions can be performed if the symptoms of the diseased cow are severe and conditions permit. Before the blood transfusion, a biological test should be taken. After taking 10 mL of donor bovine blood for 10 to 15 minutes, the blood is intravenously injected into the diseased cow to observe the reaction. It should be noted that two intravenous injections are required due to the relatively slow response of the cattle. If there is no abnormal reaction after transfusion of the diseased cow, 1500~2000mL donor bovine blood can be taken. Note that it is divided into multiple collections. It is suitable to collect about 450mL of blood and store it in a blood storage bottle supplemented with 10% calcium chloride anticoagulant. And gently shake the bottle during the collection process to prevent blood clotting. After the blood is collected, the sick cow can be transfused.

3. Kill in time. Strengthening mites can generally be divided into 2 times. The first time is carried out from December to January of the next year. At this time, the nymphs on the cattle are in the wintering period; the second time is in the 5th to 7th. For bovine body mites, you can choose to use 1:400 dilution of trichlorfon solution or sputum clean water for spray bath. Continue to perform 2 times at intervals of 15 days and pay attention to the spray after summer rainfall until the infection season. In general, in April and May and August to September, it is mainly to block the wall joints with cement or mud to block the female larvae and suffocate while spraying drugs to eliminate the larvae. In addition, 3 mg/kg of Bernier can be used according to the body weight, and a 7% solution can be prepared for deep intramuscular injection, and the treatment can be effectively prevented by taking the drug once every 20 days.

The prevention and treatment of beef cattle worm disease can greatly reduce the loss of beef cattle farmers, as long as the farmers usually do the cockroach work in summer and autumn, the chance of being infected is greatly reduced.

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