Unique microbes in the eyes are good for human eye health June 26, 2019 Source: Sina Technology Sina Technology News Beijing time on June 26th news, according to the US Life Science website, you may be familiar with the viscera and skin deposit a large number of microorganisms, including: fungi, bacteria and viruses, they are vital to the human body . But do you know that there are unique microbes in human eyes? Together they are called the eye microbiota. When these microorganisms are out of balance - some types of microorganisms are too much or too little, eye diseases may occur. A recent study showed that bacteria can survive on the surface of the eye and stimulate the human protective immune system. Scientists have begun to discover the microbial factors that can be used to provide innovative treatments for a range of eye diseases, such as dry eye syndrome. Dry syndrome and corneal scars. Perhaps one day, humans can use bacteria to treat eye diseases. Tony St. Leger, an assistant professor of ophthalmology and immunology at the University of Pittsburgh, said that I am an immunologist who studies how the eyes avoid infection. I am interested in this field because humans only Two eyes and understand how bacteria affect the immune system, which may be the key to avoiding more than 1 million people with eye infections, and the United States can save $174 million annually. Microbes in the eye When we discuss microbial populations, most scientists usually think of the intestinal system, which is taken for granted. The researchers believe that a colon can hold more than 1 trillion bacteria, which means that we are now more focused. The effects of microorganisms on other parts should be concentrated, including the skin and human tissues that carry small amounts of bacteria, such as the lungs, vagina and eyes. The role of microbiota in eye health has been controversial over the past decade. Scientists believe that healthy eyes lack microbial tissue. Studies have shown that bacteria on the air, hands or the edges of the eyelids may be present on the eyes. However, many people believe that these microorganisms are only killed or washed away by continuous tears. Until recently, scientists have come to the conclusion that the eye does have a “core†microbiota that appears to be related to age, geographic region, ethnicity, contact lens wear and disease conditions. The "core" microbiota is limited to staphylococci, diphtheria-like bacilli, propionibacterium and streptococci. In addition to these bacteria, Tornanovirus is associated with some intraocular diseases and is considered a member of the core microbiota because it is present in the eyes of 65% of healthy people. This suggests that doctors should consider the risks and benefits of the microbiota more deeply when prescribing antibiotics. Antibiotics can kill bacteria that are good for the eyes. A recent study spanning more than a decade has involved more than 340,000 patients in the United States. The results show that 60% of patients with acute conjunctivitis (pink eyes) are treated with antibiotics, but viral infections are the most likely cause of pink eyes and cannot be used antibiotics. Treatment. Even more surprising is that even cases caused by bacteria often heal within 7-10 days without intervention. It is well known that excessive or inappropriate use of antibiotics can destroy microbes, leading to infection, decreased autoimmunity, and even cancer. . Found a microbe implanted in the eye In the past decade, many scientists have spent a lot of effort evaluating eye microbes and diseases, and they have generated a lot of data, but most of them are relevant. This means that some bacteria are associated with certain diseases, such as dryness syndrome or bacterial keratitis. However, whether the bacteria distributed in the eye can cause these diseases to be determined. "I used mouse to identify whether bacteria distributed on the surface of the eye can stimulate the immune response and protect the eyes from blinding pathogens, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa," said Leger. In 2016, Rachel Caspi, an eye immunologist at the National Eye Institute in the United States, hypothesized that protective bacteria live on or around the surface of the eye. In fact, we have discovered a resident bacterium, Corynebacterium mastitis, which stimulates immune cells to produce and release antibacterial agents, kill harmful microbes and prevent them from entering tears. Through a series of experiments, Casspi's laboratory demonstrated for the first time the inevitable link between Corynebacterium mastitis and the protective immune response of the eye. When Corynebacterium mastitis appeared on the surface of the eye, the experimental mice were more resistant to two known blinding bacteria - Candida albicans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. "In my lab, we now want to use this relationship between Corynebacterium mastitis and the immune system of the eye to develop new treatments to prevent disease infections and possibly target a wider range of diseases," said Leger. For example: dry eye syndrome." Improve microbes to improve eye health The first step in developing this therapy is to figure out how the bacteria multiply in the eye. To this end, Leger's lab is working with the Campbell Laboratory at the University of Pittsburgh, which has the largest number of human eye bacteria in the United States. Specimens. Through our special mouse experiments and advanced genetic analysis, we can use this microbial library to begin to determine the specific factors required for microbes to survive on the surface of the eye. After that, we worked with ophthalmologists and optometrists at the University of Pittsburgh Eye Center to begin analyzing eye health and diagnosing patients. In this regard, we hope to use this technology as a new diagnostic tool for disease-causing microbes rather than immediately treating them with broad-spectrum antibiotics, which also kill beneficial microbes. Ultimately, our more ambitious goal is to genetically engineer the eye to implant bacteria, making it a long-term vehicle for the surface of the eye. In the intestine, genetically modified bacteria have been shown to alleviate diseases such as colitis. We hope that this latest treatment will secrete immunoregulatory factors that limit symptoms associated with conditions such as dry eye. In the United States, approximately 4 million people are affected by dry eye each year. In this growing field, before doctors begin to manipulate the eye microbiota to fight disease, we still have a lot of knowledge to learn. But maybe one day, you will no longer just spray your eye drops in your dry eyes. Instead, you will spray some bacteria into your solution. These bacteria will be implanted in your eyes for a long time, secreting lubricating oil and other substances that the body lacks. . (å¶å€¾åŸŽ) Dome Cameras,Bus Hd Internal Camera,Car Hd Surveillance Camera,Vehicle Hd Internal Camera Vsstech Co.,Ltd. , https://www.vsstechcctvsystem.com