The thin-shelled pecan is native to foreign countries. At present, Yunnan Academy of Forestry of China has introduced and preserved 54 varieties from domestic and American origins. The following summarizes the characteristics of eight excellent varieties and the key points of cultivation techniques. 1 Excellent variety characteristics 1.1 Jinhua Jinhua was introduced from Zhejiang in 1974 and is suitable for cultivation in the subtropical region of Yunnan Province. Jinhua is a male and female mature breed, and the male and female flowering encounters. 1.2 Shaoxing Shaoxing is a male and female mature variety, and the fruit matures in mid-October. The nut is oval and the kernel yield is 50.0%. The seed germination rate of Shaoxing seeds is high and tidy, which is an ideal variety for cultivating rootstocks. 1.3 Baker Baker is a clonal variety introduced from the United States in 1998. The variety is a female-type variety, and the fruit matures in mid-October. Becker nuts are oval, with a smooth shell surface and grayish white; the top of the fruit is blunt-pointed, slightly sloping, concave; the bottom is obtuse; the inner ridge is narrow. 1.4 Cardo Cardo is a male-type variety, male flowers are earlier than female flowers, and can be used as pollination trees for the genus. The fruit matures from late September to early October. The average kernel weight is 5.4g, the kernel yield is 56%, the kernel oil content is 76.82%, the oleic acid content is 68.17%, the linoleic acid content is 21.02%, the protein content is 9.12%, and the crude fiber content. 3.88%. This kind of nut is easy to shell and has good taste and is suitable for the development of tourist dried fruit. 1.5 toni The male is a male-type variety, and the male flower is earlier than the female flower, and can be used as a pollination tree of the Baker variety. The fruit matured in mid-September, and the fruit ripening period was about 20 days earlier than other varieties. The nuts are medium in size and have a coarse fiber content of 5.08%. 1.6 Shawnee Shawnee was introduced from the United States in 1999 and is suitable for cultivation in the semi-humid climate regions of central and southern subtropics of Yunnan Province. The fruit matures from late September to early October. The nuts are large, the shell is thin, the kernel is easy to take, and the kernel yield is 60%. 1.7 Cellulus Cellulus is a male-female and mature variety, and the fruit matures in mid-to-late October. The nuts are oval, the top of the fruit is blunt, slightly sloping, the fruit is obtuse, and the hard shell is brownish black. 1.8 Barton Barton fruit matures in mid-to-late October. Nuts are shortly elliptical, with a blunt tip and a rounded bottom. The nuts are full, the fruit is small, the average fruit weight is 4.8g, the shell is thin, and the whole kernel is easy to take. The kernel yield is 56.86%, the oil content of kernel is 75.63%, the oleic acid content is 60.75%, the linoleic acid content is 27.07%, and the protein content is 9.67. %, the crude fiber content is 4.13%. 2 supporting cultivation techniques 2.1 planting Thin-shelled pecans are suitable for neutral-neutral soils. The thickness of the soil layer is required to be 1.0m or more, and the soil is loose and the gravel content is less than 30%. The seedlings of thin-shelled pecans are developed due to the main roots, and the lateral roots are few. The length of the main roots of one to three years can reach 1.5~2.0 times of the aboveground part, and the length of the main roots is about 40cm when planting. The specific length depends on the root condition. Before planting, untie the grafting interface and cut off the seedlings of the seedlings. Cut off at a height of about 30cm, and then plant it with a film or callus cream to balance the water, improve the survival rate of afforestation, inhibit the apical dominance, and promote the germination of the lateral buds. When planting grafted seedlings, pay attention to the seedlings and make the roots of the seedlings stretch. The soil should be 10~15cm higher than the original seedlings of the seedlings, or 2~5cm should be exposed at the marrying interface. Finally, the root water should be poured. In actual production, many growers do not pay attention to the position of the graft interface. When planting, the main root is mistaken as a dry seedling and exposed outside, resulting in low survival rate of seedling planting. 2.2 Soil and fertilizer management For saplings and first fruit trees, fruit and fruit interplanting, soybeans, flue-cured tobacco and dwarf corn in summer and autumn; wheat, beans, beans, vegetables or green manure in winter and spring. Crop straw is a good source of organic fertilizer for thin shell pecans. In the late autumn to early spring, circular fertilization is applied to small saplings from one to two years of construction; three to five years old saplings are fertilized radially, 50 kg/plant of mature farmyard manure, 0.3~0.5 kg/plant of compound fertilizer, and topdressing in June. Apply compound fertilizer 0.3~0.5kg/plant in the next ten days; Large trees of more than six years old are fertilized in the range from the outer edge of the canopy projection to the trunk of 1 m. The fertilization pit is filled with straw, weed or farmyard manure, and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium formula fertilizer is applied, and the amount is 1 cm per trunk. The diameter of nitrogen is 15g, phosphorus 7g, potassium 6g and appropriate amount of trace elements such as zinc and boron and growth hormone. Yunnan Province was dry and rainy from February to May, during which it was watered for 3 to 5 times, each time with water consumption of 100-400 kg/plant. 2.3 pollination tree configuration The thin-shelled pecans belong to the monoecious and dioecious plants. For the female-type and male-type varieties, pollination varieties must be arranged in the cultivation. Baker and Shawnee's female flowering encounters with the flowering period of the Nixon flower, so the Nepalese can be used as a pollination tree for Baker and Shawnee. 2.4 plastic trim Generally, the natural happy-shaped tree body is cultivated, and the natural happy-shaped tree body is easy to shape, the trimming amount is light, the crown is opened, the crown light is good, the result is early, and the management is convenient. During saplings, the branching angle is increased by pulling, hanging and supporting, and the new shoots and toppings are turned from May to June. This method is not only an effective measure for early tree results but also does not affect the growth of backbone branches. Trees with more than six years of life, each year in the winter, the main branches of the main branches and the long branches, the tree height of about ten years old is controlled between 8-10m. 3 pest control The most harmful to the thin-shelled pecan tree is the dry pest. The dry pests are mainly the white-spotted beetle, the six-spotted black-spotted moth and the litchi-like scorpion moth. The pests that damage the fruit are mainly peach aphid. Leaf pests are mainly chafers and moths. In the autumn, the insects were sprayed with insecticides to control pests such as hibiscus moths and scarabs. From July to August, the smog method was used to control the moths and peach aphids. The above is all the content of today, Yunnan is one of the big farmers in China to plant walnuts. I don’t know which kind of walnut varieties are best for farmers! 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