Pumpkin powdery mildew disease map pumpkin powdery mildew prevention and control method, pumpkin powdery mildew is the most common and serious disease of pumpkin, and pumpkin is also the most affected melon in melon powdery mildew, mainly harming the leaves, the surface of the damaged leaves is more Covered by white powder, the photosynthesis is obviously blocked, and the severe leaves are yellow and even burnt, which affects the pumpkin's firmness. Let's take a look at the prevention and treatment of pumpkin powdery mildew!
Pumpkin powdery mildew damage characteristics
Plants suffering from pumpkin powdery mildew are seriously damaged in the late stage of growth, mainly affecting leaves, petioles or stems. The fruit is less damaged. White mildew spots appear on the leaves or tender stems, and then expand to 1 to 2 cm mildew spots. Rapidly expanding and contiguous with each Other, the white powder fills the entire leaf surface, causing the leaves to yellow or curl but not falling off. At the end of autumn, the mildew spots turn gray, and the black small grain spots grow on them, that is, the pathogen closes the capsule.
Pumpkin powdery mildew
Pumpkin powdery mildew has a peak incidence when alternating high temperature, high humidity and high temperature drying. At the same time, the application of nitrogen fertilizer such as urea is more likely, and the planting is too dense and humid. The field is easy to be ill or the disease is serious. After the end of production, the bacteria are old and sick. Over the winter on the debris. There is still a lack of comprehensive investigation of resistance between varieties. At present, only the Phoenix pumpkins selected in Taiwan are strong in resistance. The pumpkins in the sand market in Hubei and the Jin pumpkins in Taigu in Shanxi are also more resistant to powdery mildew.
Pumpkin powdery mildew prevention and treatment method
Selection of good varieties: At present, Japan's scented pumpkin, sweet chestnut pumpkin, orange red pumpkin have a certain degree of disease resistance, but we must do a good job of purification and rejuvenation, and choose disease-free seedlings.
Seed disinfection: first planting in the sun for 1 to 2 days before sowing, in order to kill the epidermis and improve the germination potential. Stir the seeds with warm water at 50-55 ° C for 30 minutes, reduce the temperature to 30 ° C and continue soaking for 8 to 10 hours, then put in 1% potassium permanganate solution for 20 to 30 minutes, rinse and germination at 28 to 30 ° C. ~72 hours, sowing when exposed.
Strengthen management: It is best to carry out 2 to 3 years of rotation with grass crops, 5,000 to 7000 kg of farmer's fertilizer, 20 kg of ternary compound fertilizer, 15 kg of potassium chloride and 5 kg of urea. Generally, there is no topdressing during the vine-growing period. When the fruit is inflated, 20 kg of potassium sulphate compound fertilizer is applied per mu, and the soil is kept moist, and the ditch is drained in time after the rain. Timely removal of basal disease, old yellow leaves, and deep or concentrated burning. Strengthen the ventilation and light transmission in the field to enhance the plant's resistance to stress.
Spray protective film: Before the onset of pumpkin powdery mildew or early onset, spray 99.3% of the enemy insects 300-500 times on the leaves to form a protective film, spray once every 5-7 days, continuously spray 2~ 3 times.
Chemical control: timely control from the end of April to July, 53.8% can be used to kill 2000 type 1000 times before the disease occurs. In the early stage of the disease, 10% difenoconazole 1500 times solution or 40% flusilazole 8000 times solution can be used. It can also be controlled by baking soda 600 times solution. When there are 1 or 2 lesions in individual leaves, spray is started. Spray once every 3 to 4 days, and spray 4 to 6 times in a row. Baking soda can prevent disease and promote growth, and increase the yield of pumpkin by 10-20%. Use a small aperture spray as much as possible to reduce the surface moisture of the blade.
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