Release date: 2015-03-25 At around 3 am on March 23, 2015, Mr. Lee Kuan Yew, known as the "Family of Singapore", died of illness. The mainstream media at home and abroad have aroused great concern about this matter. Mr. Lee Kuan Yew, who is 91 years old, may be considered a high life in the eyes of ordinary people. However, many years ago, Mr. Lee Kuan Yew successfully defeated the heart, nerves and other diseases. The death of the dead is related to the lung diseases we are very familiar with. It also makes medical workers somewhat surprised. Lee Kuan Yew's history In 2008, Lee Kuan Yew was briefly admitted to hospital for arrhythmia. At the end of November of the same year, Lee Kuan Yew underwent surgery and installed a pacemaker. In 2011, Lee Kuan Yew was suffering from peripheral neuropathy and had an unsteady pace; In 2013, Lee Kuan Yew was admitted to hospital for "suspicion of transient ischemic attack" with a period of arrhythmia. On February 5, 2015, Lee Kuan Yew was admitted to the Singapore General Hospital for treatment of severe pneumonia. He was also taking sedatives and breathing aids. He also continued taking antibiotics. Pneumonia is the main killer of the elderly In life, many of the elderly are most concerned about the heart and brain blood vessels and tumors, often overlooking the lungs. The lungs are direct contact with external organs. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, chronic diseases, and tumors may also induce lung infections. It is the first killer of the elderly. In particular, the elderly over the age of 50 are at high risk and the mortality rate is high. According to WHO data, all causes of death, lung infections, more than 1 million people worldwide die of pneumococcal pneumonia every year, the mortality rate of patients over 60 years old is about 20%. Pulmonary infection ranked third. In addition, pneumococci can cause serious diseases such as meningitis, otitis media, and bacteremia. Older people have low fever and are easily misdiagnosed. Elderly people with loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting and other gastrointestinal symptoms should consider checking the lungs after checking for digestive tract diseases. It is often seen in the clinic that when some elderly people come to see a doctor, the self-perceived respiratory symptoms are not so obvious. Mainly manifested as fatigue, loss of appetite, weight loss, low fever and no obvious respiratory symptoms such as cough, phlegm and wheezing, which is a cause of delay in the diagnosis of patients. Shen Ce, director of the Department of Respiratory Medicine of the Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai, said: "The elderly themselves have poor physical condition and many basic diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, etc., which are very easy to concurrent infection, we call ' Pulmonary interstitial fibrosis and infection ', if the chest radiograph shows a large exudation, it is diagnosed as 'pneumonia', and abroad is also called 'new acute pneumonia'." For the elderly, especially the elderly, the lungs Infection is often not the beginning of the disease, but the last stop of the disease. The end of life is nothing more than breathing, or the heartbeat is gone. Most of the things we see are that the old man has a long-term illness and has not noticed what he died of. More than 50% of the elderly in the clinic have died of lung infections due to various causes. Nowadays, some people in the age of eighty or ninety years old have suffered from tuberculosis when they are young. If they are only scattered in the calcification, they will not affect the lung function. If the condition is severe, the lung tissue structure is destroyed, such as chronic fibrous cavity, bronchiectasis, extensive pleural hypertrophy, and even lung damage, it is easy to repeat infection. Bacterial resistance problems plague pneumonia treatment After the widespread use of antibiotics for pneumonia, the bacteria have produced considerable resistance, and once infected with pneumococcal disease, the mortality rate for the first five days cannot be reduced regardless of the treatment. Inoculation of pneumococcal vaccines to the elderly to obtain immunity against pneumococcal infections has been an important measure adopted by many developed countries. In addition, patients with chronic lung disease, especially elderly patients with chronic bronchial obstruction, have acute attacks due to bacterial infections, four to five times a year. How can we improve this situation? Inoculation with pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine is one of the effective methods. A recent US study has shown that vaccination in elderly chronic lung disease patients vaccinated with a 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine can reduce their hospitalization due to pneumonia and, more importantly, vaccination. The overall mortality rate of the elderly is lower than that of the control group. This study demonstrates that modern pneumococcal vaccines are not only used to prevent pneumococcal infections, but are also an important means of treating these elderly people with chronic lung disease. The treatment of pulmonary infection should regulate the use of antibiotics and airway management, mainly in the aspects of dosage, time and drug selection. Tips: Prevention of lung infection is very important Prevention of lung infection in the elderly is very important. However, the activity of many elderly people is very limited, so it is necessary to remind us that the elderly must exercise properly. This is necessary to prevent lung infection. Only in this way can the respiratory tract be coughed and the sputum can be discharged smoothly. Old people, family members should also often give back to the shackles. In addition, to maintain oral hygiene. Director Shen said that the elderly, especially those who lie down to eat, should be very careful even if they drink soup. Don't talk while eating, it is easy to cough and cause aspiration. For elderly people with Parkinson's or stroke, nasal feeding is recommended if swallowing is difficult. Older people are very prone to lung infections, but as long as there is infection, there will be symptoms. In general, patients with lung infection often have some respiratory symptoms such as cough and cough. First of all, because the elderly often have other systemic diseases, when using antibiotics, the appropriate drugs and doses should be selected according to the liver and kidney function of elderly patients. Secondly, the bacteriological examination should be carried out as soon as possible, and the pathogens should be identified. Sensitive antibiotics. When necessary, bronchoscopy should be performed to remove the lavage fluid for pathogen detection, which is essential for controlling lung infection. For the elderly to use antibiotics, we must regularly review the liver and kidney function, and early detection of adverse drug reactions and timely treatment. Source: Bio-Exploration
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