Flexible electronics has a wide range of applications, such as the development of flexible screens or personal health monitors. Scientists are particularly interested in applying this material to the medical field and have developed 3D flexible electronic materials that are compatible with the human body, which brings hope to integrate it into various human tissues.

However, before these bio-electronic products are effectively used in clinical practice, some obvious drawbacks of their existence must be solved. For example, it is difficult to deliver flexible bioelectronics to diseased areas in a "patient-friendly" manner. Recently, however, an international research team has demonstrated a network of flexible electronic products that can shrink to a very small volume and are injected through needles into diseased areas of the body.

What is the advanced ghost of 3D bio-flexible mesh electronics?

After being made of such a flexible mesh electronic product, it can be inserted into a needle and then injected into a diseased area of ​​the body. The mesh flexible electronic product consists of longitudinal polymer/metal/polymer elements. Scientists weave these fine metal wires wrapped in polymer materials into a mesh and connect them to the nanometer level at the intersection of these wires. Electrode or transistor.

This metal network is extremely flexible, allowing researchers to compress it into a needle that is only 100 microns in diameter and inject it into the biological tissue through a syringe. The metal network that is compressed after injection can be stretched back and blended well with the biological tissue.

In the experiment, the researchers injected a 2 mm wide mesh electronic product into a living body through a glass needle with an internal diameter of only 95 microns. After the mesh electronics are released from the needle, they can continue to automatically expand. The scientists also tested with a 600 micron internal diameter needle and achieved the same result.

Then, after the injection, can this mesh electronic product still work normally? The researchers used a needle with an internal diameter of 100 to 600 microns to inject the mesh electronics and then evaluate its electronic properties. As a result, 94% of the equipment is intact. Moreover, the change in impedance is only 7%, which is a very ideal number. Impedance is a hindrance to current in the circuit and is an important indicator for a particular application.

The researchers also tested different mesh structures and found that the mesh electronics were most easily injected at an angle of 45 degrees for each junction, even though the width of the mesh electronics was much larger than the inner diameter of the needle. For example, the mesh electronics have a width of 1.5 cm and can be easily injected with a needle with an internal diameter of only 1/33 of its diameter.

The scientists tested the mesh electronics with man-made structures and surviving animals. The mesh electronics incorporating the stress sensor are injected into a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) flow chamber to monitor the sensor's response to PDMS structural deformation. The results show that these sensors can monitor and map internal stress changes in ways that are currently not possible. Researchers say the technology can also be used to measure other types of chemical changes, such as pH changes.

In addition, the researchers injected this mesh electronics into a gel that mimics real human tissue. The experimental results show that this mesh electronic product can stretch 80% while maintaining body temperature. The degree of stretch depends primarily on the concentration of the gel and the mechanical properties of the mesh electronics.

Finally, the researchers injected this reticular electron into two different regions of the mouse's brain, did not produce rejection within 5 weeks of injection, and were able to connect with healthy neurons. When injected into the hippocampus of mice, the researchers found that the mesh electronics monitor brain activity and have minimal damage to surrounding brain tissue.

Scientists say the biocompatibility of this meshed electronic product is mainly due to its two characteristics: the extremely low stiffness coefficient is very similar to the tissue, and the micron-sized volume is comparable to the cell size. Previous research has shown that these two characteristics have little damage to the human body. Compared with the previous flexible electronic products, this new type of mesh electronic products has more technical advantages and may become the basis of new biomedical monitoring equipment.

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