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Second, the cause: due to the lack of available zinc in the soil. Wolfberry is an indispensable element of plant growth and development. Zinc participates in auxin synthesis and enzyme system activities and participates in photosynthesis. In the absence of zinc, organic matter formed by photosynthesis does not function properly, resulting in chlorosis of leaves and impeded growth. Affects yield and fruit quality. The amount of zinc in the soil was less than 2 mg/kg measured by the Aspergillus niger method, and zinc deficiency was observed in apples.
Third, the incidence of conditions: sand, alkaline soil and barren or mountain orchard zinc deficiency is more common. The content of zinc in sandy soil is less likely to be lost, and the zinc salt in alkaline soil is easily converted into an insoluble state, which is unfavorable for the absorption and utilization of roots of fruit trees. Zinc deficiency is also related to excessive levels of phosphoric acid, potassium and lime in the soil. Excessive phosphoric acid in the soil makes it difficult to absorb zinc. Zinc deficiency is also related to the imbalance of soil nitrogen, calcium and other elements. In addition, heavy mashing, frequent intercropping of vegetables or watering, excessive trimming or excessive rooting can easily lead to zinc deficiency. The incidence of green bananas in apple varieties is heavy.
Fourth, control methods:
(1) Increase organic fertilizers and improve soils. This is the fundamental measure for prevention and treatment of lobular diseases. The production of organic fertilizers, especially sand, saline-alkali lands and barren mountain orchards, should pay attention to the coordination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
(2) Spray zinc fertilizer. In the first half of the apple tree's sprouting, the entire tree was sprayed 2-3 times to replenish the seedling force by 1500 times, or Stedkoop 4000-5000 times by + Shuofeng 481 (naphtha) by 8000 times. That's good. It is also possible to spray 1000-1500 times of thorium zinc before apple germination and 3 weeks after flowering, or 1500-2000 times of micro-replenishment of seedling force, or 5000-6000 times of stedorpowder, or 2000 times of micro-boron force. Rich 481 (Brassicine) 8000 times the mixture, with excellent correction effect. It is also possible to spray 0.2% zinc sulfate + 0.3 - 0.5% urea, or 300 mg/kg zinc naphthenate + 0.3% urea.
(3) Zinc sulfate. Before germination, dig a radial groove under the tree and apply 50% zinc sulfate 1.0 to 15kg per tree.
(4) Trunk suspension bottle injection method. On the two sides of the trunk 20 cm from the ground, two holes deepened into layers are formed. A 40-ml vial is hung near each hole. The bottle contains 0.1-0.3% of zinc sulfate, and then cotton is used to make a cotton core inserted into the bottle at one end. In the liquid medicine, the other end is put into the hole of the trunk, and finally it is completely wrapped with a plastic film, and the tree body absorbs the liquid medicine through the cotton core. This method is suitable for the formation of active layer formation during the growing season. However, it is easy to cause wounds. Orchards with serious rot should be used with caution.
I. Apple tree lobular disease (zinc deficiency) Symptoms: Apple tree lobular disease is also called zinc deficiency disease. New shoots and leaves are susceptible to symptoms and spring symptoms are evident. The color of the primary leaves is uneven, the leaves are yellow-green or the veins between the veins are light, the diseased trees germinate late or between the shoots of new shoots, the tip shoots are clustered or bald; the leaves are narrow, resemble plum-shaped, and the texture is brittle and hard, and does not stretch. Leaf margins are rolled, veins are green, yellow-green leaves or veins are between; after 2 to 3 months, diseased branches easily die. A new branch was found in the lower part of the diseased branches. The leaves on the new branches were normal at the beginning, with little or no coloration. Severe lobular disease occurs on almost 5 to 6 years old branches. The flower buds of the diseased tree were blocked, and the flower buds or flowers were small and pale, and they were not easy to set fruit or fruit deformities. The roots of the diseased trees are stunted and there are rot roots in the later stages. The severely affected trees tend to be extremely weak, and the tree crowns do not expand and the yield is reduced.