1. Selection of decocting appliances Step 1: First put the medicine into the pot (do not use iron pot or copper pot), add appropriate amount of water (about 2 cm above the medicine surface, about 4 bowls of water), soak for half an hour. Step 2: After boiling with a fire (fire), cook with a simmer (small fire) to a bowl of water (about 250ml.), pour the boiled liquid out of the bowl, and then repeat the cooking with three bowls of water. Into 8 points, mixed before and after. 2. Fast cooking method: The medicine contains volatile Chinese medicine (such as silver flower, chrysanthemum, etc.) Step 1: First put the medicinal herbs into the pot, add the right amount of water (just cover the noodles, about three bowls of water), soak for half an hour. Step 2: After boiling with a fire (fire), cook for 10 minutes with a simmer (small fire). Do not open the lid. Cook it once and take it without repeating it. 3. The following method: The medicine contains Chinese medicine that is not resistant to boiling (such as gastrodia, uncaria, ephedra, etc.) Step 1: First soak the herbs in four bowls of water for about half an hour. Step 2: After boiling with a fire (fire), cook it with a simmer (small fire) and leave a bowl of water (about 250ml.), then put the Chinese medicine that is not resistant to cooking (usually another package) and cook for another 5 minutes. Pour the liquid into the bowl and take it. 4. First method: There are some minerals (such as talc, gypsum) that need to be cooked for a long time. Step 1: First add the mineral Chinese medicine (additional package) to the six bowls of water, first fry for 30 minutes, then add other herbs. Step 2: After boiling with a fire (fire), cook with a simmer (small fire) to a bowl of water (about 250ml.), pour the boiled liquid into the bowl and take it. 5. Another method: the medicine contains some precious herbs (such as ginseng) Step 1: First put the general medicinal materials and four bowls of water into the pot, soak for half an hour, boil after the fire, simmer on a small fire to leave a bowl of water, let cool. Step 2: Add a bowl of water to the medicinal material of the precious medicinal herbs, steam in the rice cooker for 30 minutes, then take out the liquid mixture with the above medicine and take it. "Good medicine bitterness", Chinese medicine is not very delicious, let alone water decoction Chinese medicine? However, if you really need to take water decoction Chinese medicine, then at least "cooking" is correct, the efficacy of water medicine will be completely out So, if you have the opportunity to take Chinese medicine, don't forget to ask your doctor how to cook your Chinese medicine, not just "bowl in a bowl"! According to the traditional method, the Chinese medicine is first soaked in cold water for a period of time, then slowly simmered with a simmer. After pouring out the first decocting juice, soak it in cold water for 4~5 hours, then use the simmer for a while, pour out two. Road decocting juice. However, when boiling Chinese medicine, there are three problems related to hygiene: First, Chinese medicine is easy to mix impurities during the collection and production process. I suggest some improvements to the traditional Chinese medicine method: First, the Chinese medicine is pure water, because ordinary tap water contains residual chlorine. When the water is boiling, the Chinese medicine will react with the organic matter in the water to produce the carcinogen chloroform. The longer the tanning time of Chinese medicine, the more it is produced. Before entering the pot, first wash the Astragalus and Salvia with pure water for several times, so as to remove a lot of impurities from the surface, and then boil it in boiling water. After a while, the surface will float. A layer of foamy material, you should quickly remove this layer of dirt with a spoon, then use a small fire to cook for a little longer, pour out the first decocting juice, then, soak for a while, then fry with boiling water For a long time, pour out two decocting juices, keep warm and spare, and discard the dregs. There are several advantages to using this method to fry Chinese medicine: one is to solve the problem of “thousands of boiling waterâ€, the second is to remove a lot of impurities, the third is to avoid the danger of heavy metals such as lead, and the fourth is not to make the active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine. Loss, play a role in benefiting and avoiding harm. Professor Zhang Guoxi from Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine commented: 1. It is not necessary to use pure water for boiling Chinese medicine, but it must use clean water, such as tap water, well water, spring water, etc. Tap water can meet the drinking standards of the state. If you consider the problem of residual chlorine, put the tap water in the container for a few hours, you can significantly reduce the chlorine content. 2. Clean the Chinese medicine pieces do not need to use pure water, you can use clean water, just clean the Chinese medicine pieces 2 Up to 3 times to remove impurities. 3. Before decoction of traditional Chinese medicine, it is necessary to soak the traditional Chinese medicine pieces, but it is not necessary to soak for too long. Under normal circumstances, 40 to 50 minutes in winter and more than half an hour in summer. After the second frying, do not need to use cold water to soak, add water directly to cook. 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The quality of traditional Chinese medicine decoction has a close relationship with the selected decocting device. It is still better to use casserole, because the material of the casserole is stable and will not react with the chemical components, and the heat transfer is even and moderate, which is also used since ancient times. One of the reasons. In addition, you can also choose enamel pot, stainless steel pot and glass frying device. But you can not use iron pot, copper pot, mainly because the chemical nature of iron pot or copper pot is unstable, easy to oxidize. It can react with the chemical components contained in traditional Chinese medicines. For example, it can form iron citrate with enamel components to deepen the color of the liquid. It can form difficult-to-capacity polymers with flavonoids. Salt. These will affect the quality of the decoction, which is directly related to the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine decoction.
2. The amount of water added to the decocting medicine is also very important. The amount of water directly affects the quality of the decoction. If the water is added less, it will cause the medicine to be boiled and the active ingredient is not completely leached. The decoction of the liquid is too much, the patient is very inconvenient to take the medicine. Because of its different texture, the Chinese herbal medicine has a large difference in water absorption. Generally, the amount of water added is controlled at 5-10 times. The same weight of the drug is loose. The volume is large, the amount of water absorption is naturally much. The texture is solid and its volume is small, and the amount of water absorption is small. Therefore, boiling flowers, leaves, whole grass drugs, adding more water. Decoction minerals, shellfish drugs The amount of water added is less. According to the traditional method of adding water, the medicine is put into the pot, and the amount of water added to the decocted water is 3-5 cm above the surface of the medicine, and the amount of water added for the second time exceeds the surface of the medicine. 3 cm is the standard. This method of adding water is simple and easy to master.
Three. Attention in the decocting
1. Soaking before decocting: The medicine must be soaked before boiling. This is because the traditional Chinese medicines derived from plants are mostly dry products. The medicinal materials can be softened by soaking with water, and the tissue cells are expanded to restore their natural state. It is easy to leaching out the active ingredients during the medicine. Generally, the flowers, leaves and stems are used for soaking for 1-1.5 hours. The soaking time of roots, seeds, rhizomes and fruits is 2-3 hours.
2. The number of boiling times: It is better to cook more than once for a long time. It has been proved that the decoction can decoction twice about 80% of the ingredients, so the number of times of decoction is twice or Three times is appropriate.
3. The temperature of the decocting medicine: The temperature of the decocting medicine is called "fire" in Chinese medicine. It is commonly called "smoke fire" or "wuhuo". The so-called simmer is weak fire, the temperature rises slowly, and the water evaporates slowly. Wuhuo is a strong fire, the temperature rises fast, and the water evaporates quickly. For example, when the decocting is too strong, the water evaporates quickly, which will affect the leaching of the active ingredients, and it is easy to paste the pot. Conversely, the fire is weak and decoction The effect of the drug is poor. Generally, the fire is used before boiling, and then the simmer is used after boiling. Keeping it in a slightly boiling state can slow the evaporation of water, which is beneficial to the frying of the active ingredients.
4. Decoction time: mainly depends on the nature of the drug and disease, as well as the condition of the drug. Generally, it takes 20-30 minutes to start the boiling and 30-40 minutes to the second. The cold medicine is treated. 10-15 minutes, the second fry 15-20 minutes. Nourishing drugs, * fried 30-40 minutes, the second fried 40-50 minutes.
5. Retaining the amount of liquid: Generally refers to the amount of liquid after a combination of two doses of boiling. Adults take 400-600 ml, taken twice a day. Children take 200-300 ml, divided into two daily Take it three times.
6. Method of taking medicine: Generally, one dose of medicine is boiled twice and then combined with liquid medicine. It can be taken twice. Children can be taken 2-3 times. The medicine for treating cold, fever, enteritis and diarrhea can also be used in frequency service. The method, that is, taking it once every 4 hours, taking 30-40 ml each time, the illness is stopped, and then changing to 2-3 times a day, the child is a small number of times as well.
7. Decoction of special medicine: The doctor will prescribe the medicine with foot injection according to the patient's condition and the nature of the medicine.
(1) First decoction: generally some minerals, shells, horns, because of its hard texture, the active ingredients are not easy to fry, generally need to fry for 30-40 minutes, then mix with other drugs and cook. Common Raw gypsum, raw keel, mother-of-pearl, raw vermiculite, etc. Another toxic drug is first fried, long-term decoction can achieve the purpose of attenuating or detoxification. For example, aconite can be decomposed into aconitine by a long-term decoction. Its toxicity is only 1/2000 of the original. If the aconite is not only can reduce toxicity, it can also increase the cardiotonic effect.
(2) After the drug: it is generally a fragrant aromatic volatile oil or a drug that is not easy to be boiled for a long time. It should be put into the pot 10-15 minutes before the drug is fried. Commonly there are fragrant scent, uncaria, rhubarb, etc. Containing rattan, the antihypertensive component is easily destroyed after boiling for more than 20 minutes. Rhubarb, a component with diarrhea and heat-clearing effect, is rhubarb, but it is unstable to heat and will decompose after heating for a long time. The lower effect is stronger than the sputum, so it is not easy to fry for a long time.
(3) package decocting: generally seeds and individual pollen drugs, put them in a gauze bag and put them into a group of medicines for cooking. Common psyllium, spurs, etc. Gelatinization, coking. Therefore, it is necessary to pack fried. Rotating the flower bag to avoid fluffing and mixing into the soup to stimulate the throat.
(4) Dissolve clothing: use the hot liquid to dissolve the drug and take it. Common drugs are Xuanming powder, Glauber's salt.
(5) Suihua clothing; mainly some gelatinous drugs, which are taken after being simmered with hot liquid. If the mixture is fried, the viscosity of the drug solution will be large, affecting the leaching of other components, and the gelatinous drugs will also have some loss, so 烊The method of taking it. Commonly used are raw gelatin, staghorn gum, turtle shell glue.
(6) Another frying, some valuable drugs should be boiled separately, then the medicine is mixed together. Common ginseng, American ginseng, velvet and so on.
(7) blunt, some valuable drug fine powder can not be boiled together with the group medicine, more use the method of blistering, that is, the powder is dissolved in the liquid medicine. This is beneficial to play the role of the drug and save the medicine. Common There are three or seven faces, antelope horns, bezoar noodles and so on.
1. Standard cooking method: the medicine is a general tonic (for example, containing angelica, scutellaria, rehmannia)
Second, some Chinese medicines may contain lead, mercury, sulfur, etc. The relevant departments have conducted tests on tea with excessive lead and found that there is no lead in the brewed tea juice. If soaked for more than 1 hour, the lead is leached and the tea juice will be Containing lead exceeding the drinking water standard, this also has a reference for the Chinese medicine. The third is the problem of "thousands of boiling water".
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