Corn dense-breeding and transparent high-yielding cultivation technology is a production-enhancing and efficiency-enhancing technology based on the application of high-quality, high-yield, high-yielding and good-quality seed-cultivation, adopting wide ridge width and narrow row cultivation, and increasing density. The planting pattern was corn from the original 65cm or 70cm ridge, two ridges changed to one ridge, and the ridge pitch was 130cm or 140cm. The ridges were planted in double rows with a row spacing of 90cm or 100cm and a small row spacing of 40cm to form a wide and narrow row. Corn densely permeated high-yielding cultivation techniques increase production by 80 to 100 kg compared to ordinary cultivation, while reducing corn moisture content by 3 to 4 percentage points, improving the quality of corn.
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I. Seeds and their treatment
1, species selection. According to the county's climatic conditions, production levels, soil fertility and other characteristics, choose suitable for Yi'an County planting dense varieties Jidan 77.
2, seed quality. The seed purity is not less than 98%, the clarity is not less than 98%, the germination rate is not less than 90%, and the water content is not higher than 16%.
3, seed treatment. (1) Medicament boring is used to control underground pests or seedling pests, and 50% of phoxim EC is mixed with 1 kg of water and 40 kg of boring 400 kg of seeds; (2) Seeds are coated or seeded: 1 seed is heavily coated in the ground pests, On the other hand, a light smut stalk of corn and dried seeds can be applied to 35% Doughford seed coating or 20% furosemide seed coating. Seed dressing is applied at a seed ratio of 1:70; In the case of water, seed coating was performed at a drug ratio of 1:75 to 80. 2 Seed dressing in the ground where the pests are heavy, and the corn smut is also heavy, use 2% of Rikenxi seed dressing according to 0.4% of the seed weight, and then sow the phoxim granules 2~3kg per mu. Fertilizer to the ground. 3 Soaking and germination Soak the seeds in water of 28-30°C for 8-12 hours, and then remove the seeds for germination at room temperature of 20-25°C. The seeds were turned once every 2~2h. After the seeds exposed the radicles, the buds were placed in the cool place until the seeds were sown, or soaked with 0.1% zinc sulfate solution to induce germination.
Second, the election, election and site preparation
1. Choose the land that has deep plowing layer, high fertility, water retention, fertilizer conservation, and good drainage.
2. Choose soybeans, wheat, potatoes and other fertilizers.
3. Take soil preparation site to take Fuqiu site preparation, without deep-turning the basic plot, deep-deep deep-sweeping, tillage depth 20~23cm, so that there is no leakage tillage, no standing hoe, no rake, turn rake, and ridge in time. The ridges were clamped and the ridge spacing was 130-140cm, reaching the state of being broadcasted. The original ridge is changed to a large ridge: It is suitable for soft leeches such as soybeans with good soil moisture content.
Third, fertilization
1. Apply organic manure containing 8% or more of agricultural fertilizer 30 to 40 tons per hectare, combined with site preparation or application of fertilizer.
2. Fertilizer Phosphorus Fertilizer: Apply 75-112kg of P2O5 per hectare, do the seed fertilizer application; Potassium fertilizer: Potassium oxide 60k-75kg per hectare, do the seed fertilizer; Nitrogen fertilizer: Apply pure nitrogen 100-150kg per hectare, 30 of which % to do fertilizer, the other 70% to apply top dressing.
Fourth, sowing
1, sowing date. When the ground temperature stabilizes and sows at 8°C, the appropriate sowing date for the county is from April 25 to May 5.
2, broadcast method. Mechanical double line precision on demand. Sowing to achieve consistent shades, uniform covering, with the broadcast with the suppression (suppression of the next day sitting filter water), sowing after the broadcast depth of 3 ~ 4cm, repression does not leak pressure, not tow.
3, planting density. Kyrgyzstan 77 is a dense-resistant variety with a seed yield of 2.5kg per hectare and protection of seedlings from 6.0 to 65,000.
V. Field Management
1, check field fill plant. Germination before the emergence of timely checks, such as the discovery of powdered species, bad shoots, to prepare the seedlings; seedlings, such as the lack of seedlings, to use the seedlings or field surplus seedlings timely water supplement. When 3 to 4 leaves, weak seedlings, diseased seedlings, and seedlings should be removed, and 1 seedling should be equidistant.
2, pest control. (1) armyworm. The use of pyrethroid pesticides can control 300-450ml per hectare, dilute 450kg, or spray with organophosphorus pesticides. (2) corn mash. High pressure mercury lamp control: On the initial date of adult emergence of corn borer, from 9 pm every night to 4 am the next day, light rain can still turn on the lights. Trichogramma control: The bees were placed in the field one or two times during the height of the eggs, and 225,000 bees were released per hectare. BT emulsion control corn borer: BT emulsion made of 2.25 ~ 3kg per hectare at the end of new leaves of corn (5% tassel) was made into granules or sprayed with 450kg of water spray. Sealing and controlling corn borer: Before the 4th to 5th month of corn awake, each cubic meter of straw is sealed with 100g of Beauveria bassiana.
3, chemical weeding. (1) Weeding before seedling after sowing. For soils with better soil moisture, weeds can be used before weeding and 1 weed control can be used: 50% acetochlor 2250-3000 ml per hectare, or 90% weeds 1400-1900 ml or 72% propiprofen (72% Dole EC, 50% Lok Fung Po) 2250 to 3750ml or 75% Tenonite 120 to 150g per hectare. 2 control of broadleaf weeds can be used: 50% apramycin per hectare with 900 ~ 1050g or 75% Po Suo dry suspoemulsion 15 ~ 25g per hectare. 8For mixed grass and broad-leaved weeds, 72% dole per hectare 1500-2000ml plus 50% amethoxacin 400-500g per hectare or 50% Anwei EC in 3 to 5 days after sowing, miscellaneous When the grass is not unearthed, it is 3750-4500ml per hectare or 75% Peronux 120-150g plus 50% acetochlor 1950ml per hectare.
In the above measures, the dosage per hectare was equilibrated with water of 400-600 kg evenly on the soil surface.
4. Post-emergence weed control in corn 3 to 5 leaf stage, weeds 2 to 4 leaf stage, glufoam spray 650 to 1500 ml/450 to 750 kg stem spray per hectare.
5. Top-dressing corn 7 to 9 leaf stage 70% of total pure nitrogen per hectare. The top-dressing department is located in the middle of a small row of corn, with a depth of 10cm to 15cm.
6, put the autumn ridge in mid-August, put autumn ridge to get large grass 1 or 2 times.
7. Standing stalks, stalks, drying corn, waxing, waxing, drying corn, ears, leaves, drying.
6. Harvest after the ripening period.
Author Unit: Agricultural Technology Promotion Center of Yi'an County, Heilongjiang Province