Thumb watermelon cultivation technology

Thumb watermelon is also called mini. Thumb watermelon looks and tastes especially favored by young consumer groups. It has the characteristics of being on the market early, storage and transportation resistance, and has the potential of high-end melon and fruit consumer products. So it also attracted a large number of farmers friends to start planting, so how to cultivate thumb watermelon? Here is a detailed introduction to the thumb watermelon cultivation technology.

Thumb watermelon cultivation technology

Stubble arrangement: Thumb watermelons can be cultivated in open field in spring and summer, and can be cultivated in annual greenhouses and other greenhouses. It is suitable for planting in loose, fertile, convenient drainage and irrigation fields. Pay attention to fertilizer and water supply during planting to increase yield. The pH value of the soil is neutral or weakly acidic, which is conducive to improving the quality. We planted on July 25, 2011, and planted in the joint greenhouse on August 27. Harvesting began on October 12, and seedlings were pulled on December 24, equivalent to an output of 1603 kg per 667m².

Nursery: Thumb watermelon seeds are small, but the germination rate can reach more than 98%, and the germination is fast, and it usually germinates in 3-4 days in summer. Seedling growth is relatively slow. Needling tray cultivation should be carried out 25-35d (days) before planting, and 128-hole trays are used. The peat soil: vermiculite is 2: 1, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium compound fertilizer (N: P: K is 15:15:15, the same applies hereinafter) per cubic meter of substrate is 3kg. First wet the substrate with water, place it in a plate, sow 1 capsule per hole, cover the substrate with a thickness of 1 cm, and pour water. The temperature in the greenhouse before emergence during the day is 28-30 ° C; after emergence is 25-28 ° C during the day and 20 ° C at night. See as much light as possible and water the substrate when it is dry. Seedlings are planted with four leaves in one heart.

Planting: 7-10 days (days) before planting to remove the remaining stubble and weeds, and fumigate with sulfur powder in a closed greenhouse. Every 667m², apply 5t of high-quality rotten organic fertilizer, 80kg of NPK compound fertilizer, 40kg of diammonium phosphate, and 40kg of potassium sulfate. Turn the rake flat, make a hoe, and lay two drip irrigation pipes on the hoe, covered with black film. Double row planting, plant spacing 25cm, large row spacing 70cm, small row spacing 50cm, 4,500 plants per 667m². Holes are broken by digging through the membrane, 1 plant per hole, and watered and covered with soil. The planting depth is preferably level with the substrate.

Plant adjustment: When the plant grows to 5-7 leaves, it starts to hang on the rope. About 25 days (days) after planting, the first female flower appeared in sections 11-14. The early growth of the plant was weak, and it began to grow rapidly after section 15. To ensure the robust growth of the plant, the fruits of the first 15 sections need to be removed. There is no need for pruning and falling vines during the growth, but the old and weak branches and leaves should be trimmed and cleared in time to ensure the normal flowering and fruiting of the plant.

Preserving flowers and fruits: It is difficult for thumb watermelon to set fruits. When the female flowers are open, the young fruits should be impregnated with 20 mg L-1 clopiuron (KT-30) solution to promote fruit setting.

Thumb watermelon field management

Temperature and light management: Facilities cultivation should adjust the indoor temperature and light in time. Generally, the temperature is maintained at 25-30 ° C during the day, 15-20 ° C at night, and a temperature difference of more than 10 ° C during the day and night. Thumb watermelons are more light, and you should see as much light as possible in autumn, winter, and spring, and shade appropriately in summer.

Water and fertilizer management: water the planting water during planting, and do not water or fertilize during the slow seedling stage. Thumb watermelon is a fast-growing, shallow-rooted vegetable. Drip irrigation should be watered with small water. It is watered once every 3-5 days (days) before 15 knots and once every 2-3 days (days) after 15 knots. The condition can be adjusted appropriately. The fertilization started at 15 knots, and was applied once every 10 days (days), and the total water-soluble nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer (N: P: K was 20: 6: 36) 4 kg was applied every 667m², and the application was followed by water.

Pest Control

Thumb watermelon is very resistant to diseases and insect pests, and rarely occurs during growth, and even birds rarely eat fruits. However, occasionally there are pests such as aphids and whitefly, and diseases such as powdery mildew and downy mildew. Therefore, yellow and blue boards should be hung in the greenhouse during planting to trap and kill pests. In the whole growth period, 10% imidacloprid (wanli red) wettable powder can be used to control insect pests at 4000-6000 times; 25% azoxystrobin (amexida) suspension 1500 times solution, 72.2% carbendazim (PLEX) water agent 600-1000 times solution and other agents to prevent downy mildew; 40% flusilazole (Fuxing) wettable powder 8000-10000 times solution, 25% triazolone (Belitong) Wettable powder 2000 times liquid, 10% oxadiazole (Seco) water-dispersible granules 2000 times liquid, 5% oxazolol microemulsion 1500-2500 times liquid, etc. to prevent powdery mildew.

Harvest

After sowing for 60-70d (day), the peel immediately softens before harvesting, and it is harvested once every 3-4d (day); or it will be collected after the fruit falls naturally and eaten fresh *. Prompt harvesting can not only ensure the normal flowering and fruiting of the plant, but also avoid the premature senescence of the plant and the formation of malformed melon, thereby increasing the yield.

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