1. Master the time of planting Planting melons and beans before and after Gu Yu. After the rain of Gu, the proper time for planting corn arrived on April 20th. The emergence time and temperature have a great relationship, the higher the temperature, the faster the emergence. Early planting, the ground temperature is low, and the emergence time is long; late planting, the ground temperature is high, the emergence time is shorter. In cold areas such as Datong and Shuozhou in Shanxi, the effective accumulated temperature is low, and mulching can be used to cover early sowing properly. In areas with relatively high accumulated temperature, such as Xinding Basin, early sowing is not suitable, and early sowing output is not necessarily high. The soil temperature is also required when corn is planted. The ground temperature at a depth of 10 cm in the soil is stable when it passes 10 ℃. It is the best period for corn planting. The temperature is the lowest at four or five o'clock in the morning, which means that the ground temperature at 10 cm in the morning reaches 10 ℃ , You can sow. 2. Sowing speed The sowing speed and the sowing method are determined. The perforated sowing speed on the film should not be too fast. The two-row machine sows about 25 acres a day. The open field and film side sowing adopts ditch sowing. about. 3. Sowing and fertilizing Sowing and fertilizing is a very good form of fertilization, that is, sowing and fertilizing at the same time. When sowing, fertilize the corn seeds at an angle of about 10 centimeters, not too close to the corn seeds, to prevent burning seedlings. When sowing and fertilizing, if you use a seeder to fertilize, due to its small volume and large amount of fertilizer, the fertilizer pressure of the seeder will increase, so when turning the ground or rotary tillage, part of the fertilizer will be applied first. You can reduce the bearing capacity of the planter. In addition, if it is covered with plastic film during fertilization, it is necessary to pay attention to apply fertilizer on the outside of the plastic film, which can improve fertilizer utilization. 4. Sowing density In general, the 60 cm line spacing is more scientific. The 60 cm line spacing not only matches the harvester, but also facilitates tractor field operations. In production, farmers use the 50 cm and 60 cm line spacing the most. It must be noted that if the line spacing is wider, the plant spacing is closer, and if the line spacing is narrower, the plant spacing is farther away. If the line spacing is widened, the plant spacing is not brought close, which is likely to cause insufficient density, resulting in reduced corn yield. For the calculation of plant spacing, plant spacing (cm) = 6666667 (square centimeters) ÷ density (plants / mu) ÷ row spacing (cm) According to soil fertility, moisture and geographical conditions, determine the planting density. Land plots such as high-yield fields in irrigated areas should be densely planted; hills, slopes and other plots with poor water fertility conditions should be properly reduced in density. Appropriate increase in planting density can achieve high yield of corn, but it should be noted that when increasing density: not all varieties are suitable for dense planting, high-density planting must be selected for high-density planting, and must be planted according to the density provided by the variety description; increase the risk of density lodging It will also increase. Increasing the density and increasing the output must be based on non- lodging. V. Seeding depth The sowing depth is generally determined according to the moisture content. If the soil moisture is good, it is necessary to broadcast shallowly. If the soil moisture is not good, it is necessary to broadcast deeply. Shallow seeding, fast emergence; deep seeding, slow emergence. Generally speaking, the planting depth of corn is about 5 cm (that is, two fingers deep). 6. Suppression of soil overburden after sowing After the corn is sown, it needs to be covered with soil for suppression, and a suppression wheel can be used for suppression. The benefits of repression: First, Miao Qi is strong. After the suppression, the corn will emerge neatly and strong, and if it is not suppressed, the phenomenon of uneven seedlings and weak seedlings will appear. The second is to increase the emergence rate, suppression can make the seeds and soil fully contact, so that the seeds absorb water and germinate and emerge. The standards for judging the quality of sowing are Miao Qi (same size) and Miao Quan (no shortage of seedlings). 7. Corn stubble problem From the current point of view, among all crops, only corn does not need to consider the problem of stubble, but it is recommended not to plant a variety. Plant one year, replace other varieties next year, or plant one variety for two consecutive years, and replace other varieties in the third year. When it comes to stubble, potato and bean stubble are better, while millet and sorghum stubble are worse. 8. Straw treatment The biggest problem of straw is that it affects the emergence of corn. It is a good organic fertilizer that rots in the later period of straw, which can increase the fertility of the field and increase the content of soil organic matter. The shorter the straw, the smaller the impact on emergence. In order not to affect the emergence of corn, straw treatment is very important. So how to deal with straw? As the country attaches great importance to environmental protection, straw burning is prohibited. Straw left in the field can be used for feed or other purposes, the remaining straw can be treated in the following ways: First, turn it over. Burying the straw in the soil will basically not affect the emergence of corn; second, it will be broken. The straw on the ground must be broken. It is difficult to break the straw by the rotary cultivator, and there will be some long straw in the field, which is easy to cause congestion when sowing. The straw must be crushed in the ground with a straw crusher first. After crushing, rotary tillage has little effect on the emergence of corn. Straw crushing should pay attention to even distribution in the field to avoid the accumulation of straw. Nine, drought resistance sowing Nine spring drought in Shanxi in ten years, spring drought will affect corn planting. So, how to fight drought and sowing? First, Dingling rakes. The biggest advantage of Dingling Rake is that it has the effect of regaining moisture, which can retain moisture without waiting for rain to sow. When the ground is turned in spring, the top raking is carried out, that is, when the topsoil begins to thaw, but there is still ice, the plowing and suppression are started, and the seeds can be sown when the temperature is suitable, without having to wait for the rain. Second, fertilize and spin tillage in cultivated land in autumn. In addition to sowing, all other field operations are done after the autumn harvest. Such as autumn rotary tillage, autumn fertilization, autumn straw returning to the field, autumn suppression, etc., can be sown directly in the spring, without waiting for rain to sow. Third, rob and sow. When there is a drought in spring, don't spin the ground first, and then wait for the rain, so that when it rains, it is easy to form interlayer dry soil, which is not conducive to planting. Rotate tillage and sowing immediately after rain. Corn needs very little water at the seedling stage, and as long as it is planted on wet soil, the corn can emerge. 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