Regarding the cultivation technology of walnuts, Huinong.com has summarized various types for everyone. Today, we will take you to learn the high-yield cultivation techniques of Xinjiang Tumushuk walnut early fruit. Look at the significant effects of the third division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in recent years to vigorously develop the characteristic forestry fruit industry. 1 Preparation before sowing 1.1 Garden selection Choose a flat terrain, leeward sun, groundwater level below 2 meters, soil salt content below 0.3%, deep and fertile sandy loam soil, while irrigation and drainage conditions, shelter forests, convenient transportation is appropriate. 1.2 Site preparation Leveling the land, the land preparation requirements are to achieve Qi, Ping, Song, Broken, Net, and 墒. Evenly spraying the herbicide after the ground is well can effectively control the weeds. 1.3 variety selection Choose adaptable varieties, such as Wen 185, Zha 343, Xinxin No. 2, Xinfeng, Wen 179, Xinguang, etc. The main planting varieties are selected, and the pollination tree is arranged in a ratio of 5:3. The combination of early maturing varieties and late-maturing varieties helps to increase the fruit setting rate. 1.4 seed treatment Spring sowing seeds must be treated to ensure germination. There are two commonly used methods: one is sand, the seeds are soaked in cold water for 5 to 7 days, the water is changed once a day, and a rectangular pit is dug in the outdoor highland sun, about 60 cm deep, and the width depends on the number of seeds. At the bottom of the pit, a clean river sand with a thickness of about 15 cm is laid. Then, two layers of walnut seeds are laid on the sand, and then a river sand with a thickness of 8 to 10 cm is laid, and two layers of walnut seeds are placed on the sand, which are repeated 2 to 3 times in turn. The top seed is sanded to a thickness of 30 cm. The other is cold water soaking method, soaking in cold water for 10 to 15 days, changing water once a day, or soaking the sacks containing seeds in running water, so that the seeds absorb water and swell, then remove them and expose them to sunlight. Days, 90% of the seeds can be sown. 2 colonization 2.1 seedling treatment According to the number of seedlings required for planting, plant the seedlings. Before planting, pruning is carried out. After the seedlings, ABT is used to make roots and mud, so that the roots absorb enough water to prevent water loss, so that the seedlings can survive. 2.2 Colonization time and density Autumn planting in the same year, generally around November 5, the next year is generally the best time for colonization from late April to early June. The plant spacing is determined according to the variety and soil conditions, generally 6 meters × 4 meters, and 2 red dates are planted in the middle of 2 walnut trees (the distance between the walnut and the red dates is 1.5 meters, and the distance between the red dates and the red dates is 1 meter). Live 1 row of jujube in the line. 2.3 colonization Place the treated seedlings next to the planting hole, mix the topsoil with the fertilizer, fill it to the depth of the hole, and then put the seedlings vertically into the hole. The roots of the seedlings are level with the ground, and then shake the roots while filling the soil. Then step on the ground and pour enough water. When people can enter the ground, the tree plate will be covered with mulch and trunk set "Xiaobailong" to achieve the effect of warming and protecting the sputum. 3 Management after planting 3.1 Soil and fertilizer management Deeply turn the soil, improve the soil structure, improve the ability of water retention and fertilizer retention, reduce pests and diseases, and achieve the purpose of enhancing tree potential and increasing yield. Combine the weeding and loosening soil in summer and autumn with a depth of 15-20 cm. Ground can increase soil fertility. To ensure the continuous increase of walnut production, the bottom fertilizer must be applied every year. The fertilization is applied perpendicularly to the canopy under the canopy, and the radial or gully groove is applied. The depth is 30-40 cm, and the organic fertilizer is applied in 2000-3000 kg, combined with the application of the foot. The amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements, after fertilization. 3.2 Flowering Management 3.2.1 Artificial pollination The collected pollen is mixed with 1 part of pollen and 10 parts of filler, placed in a double-layer gauze bag, picked up with long bamboo poles, and shaken and pollinated at 10:00-12:00. 3.2.2 flowering fertilizer Flowering gibberellin 1 or 2 times, can also spray 0.3% urea and boric acid, can significantly improve the fruit set rate. 3.2.3 Preserved fruit Walnut is a monoecious plant with different flowers. The female flower is born at the top of the mother branch. The male flower is born in the 2 to 10 knots below the top bud. The female flower is fertilized by the wind to spread the pollen. During the male flower inflorescence and male flower development. It needs to consume nutrients, especially when the male flowers grow fast and the male flowers bloom a lot. The consumption is more prominent. Therefore, in the process of flower male flower inflorescence development and flowering, artificially remove or spray chemical de-androgen, and remove 1/3. ~ 1/2 male inflorescence can reduce the inefficient consumption of tree nutrients, promote the water and nutrients in the tree to supply flowers and fruit, and thus greatly improve the yield and fruit quality. 3.3 plastic trim Walnuts generally use autumn shears, that is, half a month before harvesting, and autumn shears are strong. It is suitable to cut weak trees and old trees; generally, winter shears are not used, and winter shears are serious, but for drought-deficient areas, Winter shears. Summer shear is also an important means of walnut pruning, that is, before the flower falls to the physiological fruit drop, the summer cut and cure, it is appropriate to cut the tree that is not fruitful. (1) Saw injury There are no adventitious buds in walnuts, and crypts are the basis for renewal. Some trees are buds at the base of the branches, some are in the middle of the branches and at the base, so for the already bare parts, it is necessary to slash above the crypts of the bare parts, and deep into the xylem to force new branches. The method can be used to culture the resulting branch or new backbone branch in the bare part. (2) pinching, thinning Before the no-ligninization (June), the new shoots of the inner scorpion can be led to a space where the growth direction is not suitable. For the branches with a diameter of 5 to 10 cm or less, the angle can be opened in the summer. At the required angle, no sticking or rope pulling is required. Walnuts are sparsely branched, and should be kept from the base and low outside the base, so that the outside can grow longer to supplement the space. (3) dome buds, cut young shoots The top bud of walnut is hypertrophy, and the top is strong. It often forms a large top bud in the middle and runs at a low rate. In the absence of germination, the top buds or the germination of the young shoots can increase the rate of branching and form a compact result group. In June, the young shoots without lignification were trimmed, which enabled the axillary buds to germinate immediately. This method was used to promote branching, and the resulting branch group was much better than the short-lignized branches. (4) Control the secondary branches and use the long branches, remove the dense branches, and handle the lower branches. The second branch was late, the growth was strong, the tissue was not full, and the secondary branches consumed too much nutrients, which was not conducive to the results. At the end of April and the beginning of May, when the secondary branches are not lignified, the secondary branches that are too busy and affect the growth of other branches are removed. If more than three secondary branches are drawn on one result branch, the weaker ones can be removed. Leave 1 or 2 strong branches. The selected secondary branches are topped or moderately and briefly cut in summer, and cultured into the resulting branch group. 4 Pest control (1) Select resistant varieties. (2) Combine pruning to remove diseased branches, diseased fruit and burn it, reducing the source of primary infection. (3) Timely prevention and control of fruit pests such as walnut limb moth and pecan aphid, reducing wounds and vectors. (4) Severely irritating 3 to 5 waves of sulphur sulphur mixture before the germination of the walnut, 50% thiophanate-methyl WP, 1000-1000 times solution and 40% bacteriostatic spray before and after flowering of the female flower Wet powder 800 times liquid, can be sprayed 1 to 3 times. The above is the key technical points for the high-yield cultivation of early fruit, and the farmer who wants to refer to it, pay close attention to the Huiongwang bear paw number! 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