Release date: 2017-07-25

At the 2012 Sundance Indie Film Festival, the sci-fi film "Robots and Frank" won the Alfred Sloan Special Award. The film tells the story of a person who is slightly between a mentally demented old man and a robot. The time when the scriptwriter is presupposed for the story is “the future that comes to the forefront”.

In fact, this "future" has come quietly.

Machine "care workers" skills

Recently, Japanese automaker Toyota shared a video to expose its new robot. The robot is 1.22 meters high with a clip-like arm and a wheeled base that can be moved on a flat surface. In the video, the user can use the tablet to control the robot's tea to pour water. Toyota calls this robot "support robot", which means a robot designed to help people with disabilities to achieve simple living.

It is understood that responding to the aging of the population is one of the driving forces for companies such as Toyota to develop robots. In Japan, where pension pressure is huge, in 2013 the government designated 24 companies and allocated 2.39 billion yen to subsidize the development of nursing robots to help the elderly move in the room, go to the toilet and report their whereabouts. Among the designated companies, Toyota Motor Corporation mainly develops robots that move older people. According to the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, in 2018, each elderly family or three or four households has at least one nursing robot.

Not only in Japan, but also in China, old-age robots are gradually being promoted. Social welfare institutions and nursing homes in Hangzhou, Jinan, Tianjin and other places have gradually introduced “endowment robots” to accompany the elderly to chat and relieve boredom. The robot is connected to the corresponding sensor, which can sense the accidental fall of the elderly. In the event of an accident, it will send an alarm signal to the manager via SMS. Family members or carers can remotely operate the camera function of the robot through network devices such as mobile phones and tablet computers to understand the situation and take rescue.

Going into the family is questioned

The old-age robot has entered people's lives and played an important role in making up for the elderly. However, can the old-age robot really be able to serve the elderly as well as people? Can they really take care of the elderly? Moreover, intelligent “care workers” enter the family, and it is even more difficult to overcome the moral and psychological barriers of people. Just as social media such as WeChat and Weibo just appeared when people questioned that they would lead to alienation between people, almost every technological revolution would cause people to panic about "alienation."

“For robot care workers, we have to ask: Are robots more isolated from humans, or are they really helping people?” Sens, director of the Robotics Center at the University of Edinburgh, pointed out that “the use of robots has also raised concerns about personal information. The quality and personalized service is directly proportional to the amount of data you are willing to release to the system, and your data will be exchanged for better robot services."

In addition, although robots can replace or even surpass children and caregivers in certain functions, they are not emotionally capable of replacing humans. In a survey of “Will you let the robot accompany your parents to support your family?”, the netizen’s “Hey, I’m a little pony” said: “Parents have been hard to work harder and harder to bring us, why can’t we use the same Ways to accompany them around? Robots can never replace the companionship of their children."

It is undeniable that robotics has its drawbacks. Especially for the "ageing robot", there are high precision requirements in the identification of drugs, interaction with humans, and precision of movement. Although these functions are technically achievable, there is still a lot of uncertainty in the recognition success rate.

Small machines have great potential

According to a report published by the US Census Bureau on March 29, 2016, "An Old World: 2015" report, by 2050, the proportion of the world's elderly population over 65 years old will double, and the number will be More than 2.5 times. The huge population aging pressure has promoted the development of intelligent robots in the field of care and retirement.

"From our experience, the medical care field is one of the most popular vertical areas of robot application development. The world's leading engineers and business managers have already seen the huge potential of robots to solve the problem of global aging." Wei Li, the person in charge of the robot, said that in addition to the "human shortage" factor, reducing the overall medical cost is also an important goal for robots to make a difference in the field of old-age care.

However, some experts believe that there are some difficulties in the development of old-age robots. Member of the National 863 Service Robot Research Group and Associate Professor of the Institute of Robotics, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Deng Xiangming, listed the safety issues in the process of human-computer interaction as the first. In the view of Dun Xiangming, global civil robots are still in the emerging field. Due to the differences between individuals and the environment, interactive security is a global problem to be solved. Therefore, most of the products are still in the laboratory research and product testing stage, and the timing of mass production is still immature.

Looking at the domestic market, the National Development and Reform Commission's "Robot Industry Development Plan (2016-2020)" also mentioned "Smart Care Robot", which is listed as a key product for key development, pointing out that professional service robots should be promoted. Serialization, personal and home service robots are commercialized.

According to a report released by Analysys International recently, the size of China's smart service robot market in 2016 has reached 7.29 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 44.6%. Some studies predict that the market size of China's intelligent service robots will continue to expand from 2017 to 2019, and is expected to reach 15.2 billion yuan in 2019.

Source: People's Daily - People's Daily Overseas Edition

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