At present, patients who want to have a heart transplant must first register to enter the waiting list. Fortunately, they can be discharged into the heart that suits them for a few months, but they may not be able to wait until the end of their lives. However, the latest research progress of scientists will make this dilemma no longer happen! The research team at the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston recently successfully cultured patients' skin cells into heart tissue and published the results in the journal Circulation Research.

Regenerate the heart with skin cells

In order to reduce the possibility of rejection, scientists directly use the patient's skin cells for culture, and no longer need to wait for the heart of any other donor to transplant. Skin cells certainly don't turn into a beating heart. Organs also need a scaffold support to stack the cells. Usually scientists wait for the protein secreted by the cell, the extracellular matrix, to achieve this. The research team at the Massachusetts General Hospital is not planning to wait.

Jacques Guyette, the leader of the team, said: "To be able to produce functional heart cells, there are quite a few problems." In this experiment, they did not use the extracellular matrices that were previously required to be secreted by cells. The 73 hearts that were not suitable for donation were taken directly from the New England Organ Bank and washed with detergent. The cells still alive in these hearts were washed away, leaving only the extracellular matrix of the neutral scaffold for new Cell survival.

In order to create heart cells with new skin cells, the team used mRNA to transform skin cells into stem cells, which are more efficient than previous genetic control techniques, which are then transformed into heart cells via induction. Finally, the scientists placed these heart cells in the freshly washed extracellular matrix.

In less than a few days, they found that the heart cells have grown into contractile muscle tissue, and then put the unfinished heart into the bioreactor and cast a lot of nutrients for it to grow. Stressors mimic the environment in which the heart grows. After 14 days, the results were quite exciting. Scientists used current to test the growth of the heart muscle tissue test, and found that it can successfully shrink like other people's hearts, which also represents the success of the experiment.

However, in order to produce a human-sized heart, it is necessary to cultivate at least one billion heart cells. The heart of this experiment is only a mini version, which is not yet suitable for the human heart. Guyette also said that they hope to improve their technology and produce more heart cells in the future in order to make a heart that can be put into the body and truly beating.

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