First, sowing Use 75-hole seedlings to raise the seedlings, and mix the nutritious soil into the seedling tray, and sow with clean groundwater. Before sowing, it is best to soak tomato seed for 2-3 hours and germination is better. The sowing depth is maintained at about 0.5cm. After sowing, add a small amount of nutrient soil, cover the exposed seeds, and then use a clean groundwater to water once. Remember that when watering, be sure to pour wet. After the seeds are planted, they should be protected according to the changes in weather conditions. Attention should be paid to cold protection during spring sowing and heatstroke prevention during autumn sowing. The suitable temperature for seed germination is around 28°C. Second, temperature management during nursery When the cotyledons are fully grown, the true leaves are spread to 1.5 leaves before and after the temperature should be maintained between 24-30°C; before and after the true leaves are unfolded to 3.5 leaves, the temperature can be appropriately reduced to between 18-22°C to start gradually domesticating the seedlings. Keep seedlings healthy and robust. Three, field preparation Selecting land with rich soil conditions such as ash and mud fields, ash and yellow mud fields, and planting effects are good. The pH of the soil is required to be about 7 or so. For soils with soil pH and acidity, it is necessary to apply a large amount of fermented organic fertilizer. About 5 tons of mu is used to adjust the pH value of the soil with 50-70 kg of quick lime. Organic fertilizer and quicklime can be applied to the plot before the whole planting, which is better combined with deep plowing. Before the completion of the regrowth, 25-35 kg of the 15:15:15 compound fertilizer can be applied in combination, and then the soil can be loosened and the compound fertilizer can be evenly applied to the soil. At the same time, 4 kg of the enemy can use 4 kg of dexamethasone or carbendazim, 30 kg of finely mixed sand, evenly spread on uncompleted alfalfa to prevent the occurrence and harm of diseases such as bacterial wilt, blight and verticillium wilt. In order to increase the speed of conversion of tomato starch into sugar, an additional 60 kilograms of vegetable cake can be added to the mu, together with the compound fertilizer to loosen the soil and cultivate the soil. The width and height of the twisting method are mainly used in two ways: 1 single plant single line: the width of 90cm high 30cm style; 2 double lines double type: using width 140cm high 30cm style. After the completion of the regrowth, irrigation facilities, such as irrigation hoses or drip irrigation pipes, can be laid in the places where conditions permit. At the same time, the work of laying black mulch film is well integrated. The benefits of laying a plastic film include: preventing weed growth, moisturizing and heat preservation, reducing rain infiltration, and reducing the occurrence of pests and diseases. Fourth, colonization When the seedlings grow to 3 leaf cores to 4 leaf cores, they can be transplanted and planted. Colonization specifications: single-row spacing of 45-55cm. Single row double row spacing 55-65cm75cm. Before the planting, according to the specifications of the spacing of the above plants, the planting breaks are set in sequence on the surface of the mulching film, so that the transplanting seedlings can be used for planting. The diameter of the breakage should not be too large or too small, and the diameter should be about 10 cm. Before planting, the nutrient soil in the nursery tray can be moistened with water and then the tomato seedlings can be gently removed with the soil and set in the set break. When planting tomato seedlings, it must be done with shallow planting. Do not grow too deep. The planting depth should be controlled on the level of the seedlings and the surface level. The time for planting should be arranged after 3 o'clock in the sunny afternoon or on cloudy days and light rain. The climate colonization selected under this condition will favor the development of the root system, and the nutrient consumption of the nutrient seedlings will be less, which is beneficial to greening. After planting, root water should be poured timely, and the amount of water in the rooting water should be 0.5 kg per plant, and there should be no excessive or too little water. If there is too much water, it may cause seedling and clay compaction, resulting in poor root development; too little It is not conducive to the full absorption of water and nutrients in the root system, and may return to the green period the next day. V. 7 days after planting According to the situation of returning green seedlings, a small amount of urea water can be applied as appropriate. The amount of urea water should be 1%, the 0.4 kg water should be poured, and the method of pouring water should be 10-15cm outside the fixed plants. A break, the urea water poured into the break to achieve the effect of water absorption. Do not pour in the cracks between the plants. It is usually applied once every 5-7 days for a total of 2 times. Sixteen days after planting At this time, the height of the seedlings has grown to about 35 cm and the first inflorescence has been formed. During this period, it is necessary to do a good job of bringing vines to bamboo vines and remove excess side vines in time. Bamboo pods should be introduced in time. Generally, two bamboos should be made. The length of bamboo larvae should be more than 2.5 meters. The vines should be tempted so as not to cause the wind to damage the roots and the lack of lodging. Removal of side vines should be done in a timely manner. When the side vines grow to about 1-2 cm, they can be removed. Do not remove them at too late. When they are removed late, the side vines have become lignified and they are likely to cause large wounds when removed. Favorable disease infestation hazards. The time for removal of lateral vines should be chosen on a sunny day. After working in the morning, the dew should be dry. In the afternoon, work should be carried out before the sun goes down. After each sidepod is applied, a fungicide can be sprayed to prevent the disease from infecting the wound. VII. 21 days after planting Here is the best time to determine the double vine pruning. When waiting for an inflorescence to appear, it should be between the internodes in the 8th true leaf. At this time, the number of main vines is already around 13th, so keep the 7th section. Lateral vine growth has become an important part of management at this time. Preserving the lateral vines produced by the lower inflorescences of the first inflorescence in a timely manner is a key measure to increase unit production. Therefore, it is necessary to grasp the growth state of the growth node and the number of leaves when pruning. It is important to keep in mind that the side vines that grow out of the first inflorescence are the most important side fruits of the future bimanita pruning. The inflorescences here have been officially formed and are in close proximity to the flowering stage. This phase should focus on the supplement of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers. This can promote tomato melanin pigmentation, enhance photosynthetic function, strong stems, increase seed setting rate and so on. From this time onwards, every 7 days, 2 kg of urea per mu, 1.5 kg of potassium chloride, 130 kg of water are added after dissolution, and then poured. The water solution applied for pouring is 0.5 kg per plant. When pouring, it should be poured from the base of the eggplant seedlings more than 20cm. The conditional area can also be applied by spray pipe and drip irrigation pipe. Note that after 3 consecutive uses of this method, as the tomato gradually enters the flowering stage, the same method can be used every 10-15 days to supplement NPK. At the same time, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other extra-root fertilizers can also be used for extra-root fertilizer, the specific amount of potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be used according to the requirements of different manufacturers. Pay attention to the work of picking up the buds can not be broken. 8, 28 days after planting During this period, it has entered the early stage of blooming flowers. In addition to doing a good job of picking up and smearing the buds, the pruning work of tying vines is also imperative. In the area where the vines grow faster, the main cranial heads have begun to bear fruit. The head vines of the lateral vines and the main vines also entered the young fruit period. The three-and-fourd inflorescences of the main vines also entered the full bloom and early flowering stages. Flowering period. The stalks gradually increase in size and the leaf area expands instantly. At this point, the amount of water required for fertilizer has entered the initial stage of the peak, and the supplementation of fertilizer and water should be completed. The amount of specific fertilization can be performed with reference to the proportion of fertilization after 28 days. In this stage, if the proportion of fertilizers or fertilization is not appropriate, physiological fatigue of roots and leaves will be caused, resulting in low yield and poor harvest. The attracting work of the vine and the picking-up of the buds must be carried out at the same time. The stem vines are good and bad when they are plucked, and are the most effective measures to ensure the benign growth and balanced growth of the vines. According to the planting experience of Yunnan and other places, the following elements can be used when the tomato enters the full fruit period and flowering period, which can play the role of tomato sweetening, increase production, and quality enhancement, for your reference application. The formula is: 1 kg of sugar, 5 g of calcium chloride, 30 g of borax, 50 kg of water, and 50-60 kg of aqueous solution after the dissolved mu is evenly sprayed onto the foliage. This method is better when used more than 3 times during the entire growth period of tomato. Nine, 43 days after planting During this period, the fruit of the capitulum had turned from white peel to green peel, and began to transform into purple black skin. According to the planting experience in South Korea and other countries, the depth of melanin in the pericarp is related to the nitrogen content absorbed by the stems and leaves. When the temperature is high and stays at 22-28°C, the effect of color conversion is very good; the more nitrogen content is absorbed, The more obvious the absorption of melanin. However, practice has proved that when the temperature is high, the more nitrogen fertilizers are applied, the internodes of the vines will be elongated, and the growth of the plants will be high, which is inconvenient in operation. Therefore, the principle of proportionality in the use of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be balanced. Comprehensive information of current foreign and domestic sources, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 22:10:19. However, it should be noted that different regions and different soil conditions are quite different. Therefore, appropriate adjustments can be made to the proportion of fertilization, and the flexible application of the above ratio is the key to ensuring unit production and quality. The focus of this phase, in addition to focusing on the balance of fertilization, should also focus on arranging the inflorescence and improving the quality of the fruit, and consider the nutritional balance and quality of the vine. The balance between vegetative growth and reproductive growth is the key to solanaceous fruit entering the fruit period. Pay attention to leaf color and fruit color, coarseness and fineness of stems, length and length of stems and vines, inflorescences more or less, depth and shallowness of fruit coloring, etc., must be skillfully used in practice, timely adjustment of fertilization The proportion should promote the balanced growth of stems and vines should always pay attention to the problem. Pruning buds continue to work. Tenth, 60 days after planting This period is the period when the fruit of the flower head changes from the green peel to the dark purple peel, and it is also the harvest period of the fruit. At the same time, there are 13 inflorescences on the vines between the 29 th and 26 th nodes of the main and lateral vines. The effect of double vine pruning has entered the best state, and the growth of tomatoes has entered the full fruit period. Some inflorescences of the main lateral vines have entered the early stage of harvest. Eight inflorescences have entered the fruit's inflating stage and young fruit stage, and 2-3 inflorescences have entered the full flowering stage. Therefore, fertilizer application was referenced 43 days and 60 days after planting. In addition to the application of fertilizers, the removal of old leaves can also be combined. The specific approach is to cut all old leaves below 7 knots, which will increase ventilation and reduce the occurrence and damage of pests and diseases. According to the successful experience abroad, the timely removal of old leaves and diseased leaves can not only reduce the occurrence of diseases, but also accelerate the conversion of starch to sugar, increase the sugar content of tomatoes, and reduce the acidity. Continue to strengthen the stem pruning, lure and pest prevention work. With the growth of the stem, the lignification and the leaves also age with the beginning of fruit harvesting. At this point, the above-ground diseases are also prone to occur. In addition to applying preventive pesticides to prevent soil-borne diseases during regrowth operations, in order to prevent above-ground diseases such as downy mildew, early blight, late blight, and leaf mold from occurring at this time, there should be a choice Selecting non-toxic, harmless, low-residue pesticides for use is an issue that must be addressed. In the prevention and control of whitefly, aphids, ladybugs, night moth and other pests, we should also pay attention to the use of low-toxic pesticides. Eleventh, 75 days after planting During this period, the fruit of the main head, dimorphic inflorescence, and lateral cranial heads began to be harvested. The number of the main vines grows around 32 knots, and that of the side vines ranges between 28 and 29 knots. The inflorescence of the whole plant has reached its climax, and there are about 17 inflorescences. Therefore, at this stage, while effectively chasing fertilizers and preventing pest and disease management, we must focus on improving product quality. Such as inflorescence finishing and bad fruit, small fruit, malformed fruit, pollen sterility or incomplete fruit removal. With the increase of inflorescence, the rate of results will gradually increase with the growth of the stalks, and the number and weight of flowers will continue to rise. Therefore, protecting inflorescences even if they are not broken due to fruit loading is a matter of prior consideration. When picking the fruit, it is best to pick the fruit stem together with the fruit pod, which is both beautiful and fresh. The ripeness of fruit picking is better divided into two periods. When the long-distance transportation is carried out, the color of solanaceous fruit is reddish and purple black appears, and when the proportion of black is 50% of the entire fruit surface, it can be harvested. The harvested fruits in the more recent areas can be postponed appropriately until the fruit is completely purple-black and the pulp is still hard. Different regions are harvested in different seasons. Due to the difference in temperature and the great temperature difference, in principle, all picked fruits should be stored under the condition of 10-15°C. This will ensure the freshness and storage time of the products and the quality of the fruits. No change will happen. When the temperature is too low (less than 5 °C) will cause frozen fruit, winter fruit transport should be considered when transported from south to north, high temperature areas, above 20 °C, should pay attention to the use of cold air temperature transport. Continue to do a good job of pruning. Twelve, after 90 days after planting A total of about 20 inflorescences of main vines and side vines have basically taken shape during this period. The main flower head has been harvested, and the flower heads of the main vines and lateral vines have entered the harvesting stage. The whole vine twigs have basically formed. The most important task at this stage is to take care of and remove the inflorescence branches and old leaves. Topping: The apical dominance of tomato vines can be eliminated, and nutrients absorbed from the roots can be transported from top to bottom, redistributing nutrients such as vines, flowers, fruits, roots, etc., thereby effectively maximizing the balance between vegetative growth and reproductive growth. To promote the increase in production, improve quality, reduce disease and other effects; is one of the key measures. The specific topping period: When the main vine grows to 35 knots, when the 39-shank column is visible to the naked eye and the side vine grows to 29 knots, when the 35-36 section stem is apparent to the naked eye, it can be picked up. After the main vine has picked its heart, the inflorescences and side vines that grow in the 36-37-38 section should be promptly removed; the inflorescences and side vines that grow in the 35-34-33 section of side vines should also be promptly removed. Harvested spikelets and old leaves in the main and lateral vines can also be cut at this time. During this period, the technical specification of double-vine pruning has basically been completed, and nearly 20 inflorescences and all functional leaves produced by double-vine pruning have initially formed. Therefore, maintaining the integrity of all inflorescences and functional leaves is an issue that must be addressed at this stage. 1 The supplementation of root nutrient should be carried out according to the above method. In the flowering and fruiting stages, the ratio and frequency of fertilizer application can be appropriately increased according to the growth status of stem vines. Do not cause defertilization at this stage. The lack of nutrients in roots, stems, and leaves will cause fatigue in the growth of flowers, fruits, and seeds, which in turn will reduce the yield and fruit quality. 2 Leaf fertilizer supplementation and application of trace elements. During the whole growth process of tomato, in addition to allowing it to absorb some trace elements in the soil, it is also very important to supplement some trace elements by top dressing. If trace elements such as copper sulfate, ammonium molybdate, borax, and magnesium sulfate are applied from the foliage at this time, not only the nutrient absorption of stems but also the resistance to pests and diseases of stems can be improved. The application of foliar fertilizers and the use of trace element fertilizers should be scientifically applied with reference to the instructions for the purchased product. XIII. 105 days after planting All the inflorescences of the main vines and side vines have been fully formed during this period, and the functional leaves have been basically completed. All the inflorescences bloom in succession. The fruit also enters the middle and late peak of harvest from the bottom up. This stage is mainly engaged in the work of harvesting. It is also worth noting that the protection of the spiked fruit to grow evenly and avoid breaking the spike due to the increase in fruit weight. Therefore, while collecting the fruits, we must pay close attention to the protection work of each inflorescence. The fruit spikes can be tied to the inflorescence branches in advance with a thin thread, and they can be easily lifted and fixed on bamboo rafts. This works well. After 120 days, the management of fertilizer and water, the control of pests and diseases, and timely harvesting of fruits should be carried out in sequence. In short, scientific field management operations, flexible and rational application of technical regulations in different regions are important components of growing purple tomatoes. The high-quality fruit comes from scientific management, and the rational and flexible application of various technical measures is the prerequisite for guaranteeing the continuous supply of high quality fruits. Only high-quality purple tomato fruit is continuously listed to increase production and income. Cpe Disposable Gloves,Plastic Protective Gloves,Pro Safe Disposable Gloves,Hospital Disposable Gloves Shandong Haoyue Medical Technology Co., Ltd , https://www.haoyueyiliao.com