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(a) The structure of fertilization is irrational and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is out of balance. At present, some farmers still fertilize according to traditional experience, and there are serious blindness and randomness. At present, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium inputs in Heilongjiang Province is 11:0.88:
0.17, but in line with the province's actual nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium input ratio should be 1:0.8:0.3. It can be seen that the long-term blind fertilization has resulted in a deficiency in soil nitrogen, potassium deficiency, and excess phosphorus, resulting in increased fertilization and no increase in yield, resulting in serious waste.
(b) The fertilization method is not scientific. Farmers often pay attention to the application of basic fertilizer, and rarely top-dressing, which not only reduces the use of fertilizer, but also causes the phenomenon of defertilization in the later stages of crop growth, affecting the yield of crops; regardless of seed fertilizer, fertilizer is too shallow, fertilizer is also used One of the important reasons for the low rate is that most farmers still use artificial methods to reappropriate and bury burials when applying fertilizer to crops. Although this method of fertilization saves labor and energy, it can easily cause the volatilization and leaching of fertilizers. In addition, when wheat is sown in spring, the soil is frozen only 3-5 cm, and chemical fertilizers cannot be applied at all, which inevitably reduces the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers.
(3) Trace elements have not received due attention. Because the trace elements in the soil can not be supplemented for a long time, their contents can no longer meet the growth needs of the crops. According to the “least nutrient theoryâ€, even if the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is applied properly, the yield of crops will be affected.
Fertilizer as an important factor to increase crop yield has been recognized by the majority of farmers, but in recent years, as the input of chemical fertilizers continues to increase, the effect of fertilizer production has become less and less obvious, and people find that fertilizer is not so "spiritual." . What are the reasons for reducing the effect of increasing chemical fertilizers? The following are summarized: