In recent years, with the ever-increasing intensity of urban greening, a newly emerging industry, the lawn and flowers industry, has gradually emerged, and a number of new farmers, lawn and flower growers, have emerged. This group of new farmers is mainly concentrated in the urban and rural areas around big cities, and mainly produces and sells flowers and trees and lawns. Not long ago, turfgrass farmers did not know what was causing the turfgrass disease. To address this issue, the author investigated the large-scale turf bases in Henan, including Lieutenant City, Fuling City, Hebei Province, Liaoning Province, Liaoyang City, and Tieling County. It was found that with the frequent planting of lawns, partial fertilization materials, and management concepts lagging behind, diseases in lawns generally occur (of course, lightness and severity are different), which seriously affects the normal production of lawns and has become a headache for lawn growers. problem. Multiple causes of serious turfgrass disease According to the author's visit to the turfgrass base, combined with years of work experience, it is believed that the main causes of severe turfgrass disease are many reasons, including the internal reasons of turfgrass, as well as climatic conditions, cultivation management and other reasons. The climatic conditions in the northern region are suitable for the cultivation of tall fescue, bluegrass, ryegrass and other cool-season turfgrasses. Compared with warm-season turfgrass such as Bermudagrass and Zoysiagra, the cold-season turfgrass itself is prone to disease. There are many types and there is a high probability of occurrence. At the same time, turfgrass seeds may carry bacteria. The northern region has four distinct seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter, winters are cold and dry, and summers are hot and rainy. Such climatic conditions, especially summer high temperatures and high humidity, provide favorable conditions for the occurrence of diseases. Improper cultivation and management is one of the main reasons for the occurrence of lawn diseases. Turfgrass nutrition imbalance is the main aspect. First of all, at the lawn base, most of the turfgrass farmers have changed from large-scale agriculture. The management of turf fertilization is still performed in accordance with the traditional methods based on nitrogen fertilizer. As a result, the content of nitrogen fertilizer in the soil is too much and the content of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is insufficient. The imbalance of soil nutrient elements, excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer will cause turfgrass to flourish, making turfgrass resistant and susceptible to disease. Secondly, the lawn turf base has a high soil utilization rate, 2-3 lawns are planted in one year, and some areas even reach 4 茬. Long-term high-frequency land use is not leisure, and organic fertilizer is seriously deficient, resulting in deterioration of soil quality. Once again, because the turfgrass lawn is sold to remove about 5 centimeters of soil, the long-term sale of lawns has caused the soil to be gradually shovelled, and the shoveling soil has been long-term cultivation of mature soil. As a result, the raw soil has to be recultivated. The incomplete nutrition in the raw soil makes the turfgrass nutrient unbalanced and the resistance reduced. The above situations have a great influence on the growth and development of turfgrass and are not conducive to the healthy growth of turfgrass. Expert Weapons: Preventing Turf Diseases The northern region is one of the important turf production bases in China, and it is also an important planting area for urban greening plants. Lawn is a major economic pillar for many grass growers. Urban afforestation must be vigorously developed to prevent turfgrass disease. The author believes that turfgrass disease focuses on prevention, and the use of management measures to control turfgrass disease is very important. The following technical measures should be taken: 1. When cultivating turfgrass with quarantine-resistant varieties, turfgrass species and varieties with strong disease resistance and adapted to local climate should be selected. It is advocated that different types of grass seeds should be mixed and planted to establish lawns. Mixing and sowing of different varieties of the same turfgrass can also help inhibit the spread of turfgrass diseases. 2, soil disinfection Soil disinfection can eliminate the presence of bacteria and pests in the soil. There are two methods, pharmaceutical and steam sterilization. Can be selected according to the specific circumstances. 3. Seedling treatment When sowing, use 0.1 to 0.2% of seed dry weight carbendazim or chlorothalonil seed dressing, or use 0.5% formalin to seed for 1.5 hours, which can kill the seed surface The bacteria can also eliminate the bacteria in the soil around the seed and reduce the infection rate of the seedlings. 4, scientific fertilization Lawn fertilizer as far as possible not to use a single nitrogen fertilizer, use of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and a reasonable ratio of compound fertilizer, where conditions can be formulated fertilization, can also use organic fertilizer. Maintaining the normal supply of fertilizer elements can reduce the incidence of turfgrasses. 5, reasonable management pruning follows the trimming principle of 1/3; avoid watering in the evening to reduce the incidence of disease. 6, using growth regulators to promote the emergence of turfgrass seedlings for 10 days, the use of rapid roll spraying, not only can promote turfgrass root barbs to improve the resistance of turfgrass, and can promote rapid roll turfgrass. 7, pharmaceutical prevention Before the season of high incidence of turfgrass disease, pay attention to spraying protective bactericides such as Pingpingdan and Carbendazim once every 10 to 15 days. In the season of high temperature and high humidity lawn disease, pay attention to observation, once the disease occurs, immediately select Therapeutic bactericides such as thiophanate-methyl, metalaxyl, chlorothalonil, and anti-viral drugs are used for treatment. At the same time pay attention to the rotation of drugs to prevent drug resistance. It is especially recommended that bactericides such as Phoebe, Pneumococcus, Amisida, and Kresoxim-methyl be used for turfgrass diseases caused by fungi.
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