Overview of pulverizer type and smashing method

Recently, some websites have selected the “Top Ten Chinese Crushers in 2017” list. Although not only in the food field, but with the deepening of the requirements for deep processing of food, the role of crushing equipment in the field of deep processing of food cannot be ignored. In the matcha industry, the Japanese matcha industry once hoarded China, and the high level of fineness of matcha grinding is one of the more important reasons. The refined grinding has restored the original taste of Matcha and is highly sought after by people. In addition to the quality of the food, the crushed food materials can be more evenly mixed, and the drying, dissolving and suspending properties of the materials are also improved. For corn, wheat, starch, etc., the pulverizing equipment can also extract and separate the components in the raw material granules. Some oatmeal skins, corn husks, eggshells, and bones that are self-nutrient but not easy to eat can be polished to significantly improve the taste and absorbency.

There are many types of crushing equipment, and the classification methods are also different. If the number of meshes is differentiated, more than half of the finished product with a particle size greater than 3 mm can be called a crushing machine; for less than 3 mm, it is a grinding machine. This is the previous method. Nowadays, the powder industry has entered the nanometer field. In the grinding machine, the categories of ultra-fine pulverizers and superfine pulverizers are further subdivided. According to the pulverization method, it is generally divided into four categories: mechanical pulverizer, jet mill, grinder and cryogenic pulverizer. In addition, it can be divided into straw smashing equipment, mushroom pulverizer, Chinese herbal medicine pulverizer, etc. according to different materials.

In this paper, the pulverizing equipment is discussed in terms of the smashing method.

The mechanical pulverizer obtains the finished product by applying mechanical strength to the object, and is suitable for pulverization of medium-hardness materials. Mechanical pulverizers generally have different gear positions, and low-speed impact can obtain slender granules, and the crystallization state of materials under high-speed impact is relatively uniform. At present, China's high-speed impact pulverizer can be ultra-fine pulverized, and the particle size of the product reaches 10μm~40μm.

The jet mill uses high-speed airflow as the power and carrier to crush and smash the materials, which is suitable for materials without water. The advantages of the jet mill are obvious. The product itself does not touch Other things, can maintain the purity very well, and can maintain the original crystal state of the material. However, the airflow pulverizer consumes a lot of energy and needs to be equipped with a dehumidification device, which is inconsistent with the environmental protection and energy conservation requirements advocated in the current era, and further improvements are needed.

A grinder is a machine that grinds a material into a superfine mixture by moving the medium such as a grinding body, a head, or a ball. The distinguishing degree in the grinding machine is the material used in the grinding. Generally, there are ceramics, stainless steel, etc. The ceramics are not easy to react with the objects, and the quality of the foods grounded by the stainless steel is purer.

The emergence of low-temperature pulverizers caters to the demands of modern society for the increasingly refined food. The above three kinds of pulverizing equipment will make the temperature of the material rise during pulverization, and the food is greatly affected by the temperature, which is likely to destroy the nutrients in the food and cause the quality to decline. The low-temperature pulverizer has achieved good results in the processing and production of functional foods and special materials. In recent years, it has been developing with rapid momentum.

Although powdered foods have appeared since ancient times, with the continuous development of equipment, it has been found that more refined powders can make the flavor and taste of the seasonings more intense and prominent; the materials that can be ground are not limited to drying after drying. The food, like the dry method, can grind the ideal food. Therefore, the author believes that for the current Chinese food, the crushing equipment has great market potential. However, how to make the crushing equipment a favorable aid in food production has yet to be developed and created by related food machinery equipment manufacturers.

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