First, peanut formula fertilization technology The formula fertilization of peanuts is based on the laws of fertilizer demand of peanuts, soil nutrient supply performance and fertilizer effects. Based on the application of organic fertilizers, scientific matching is applied according to the appropriate amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements, and the rational use of peanuts is rational. To meet the needs of various nutrients for peanut growth and development. 1. Peanut formula fertilization has the following advantages: (1) Improve economic efficiency. Formula fertilization can produce 16%~24% of peanuts and fruits, as compared with conventional fertilization. (2) Increase fertilizer utilization. Combined with nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate was 7.33% higher than that of single nitrogen fertilizer application, and the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer was 3.58% higher than that of single application of phosphate fertilizer. The combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash fertilizers increased the nitrogen use efficiency by 2.0%~6.1%, and significantly promoted the nitrogen fixation of the rhizobia. 2. Determination of the amount of peanut fertilizer The amount of peanut fertilizer should be determined based on the soil fertility and the target yield. The demand for different nutrient elements can be obtained by the following formula: Fertilizer Demand = [(peanut per unit nutrient absorption target yield) - (Correction value of soil measurement 0.15)] / (Nutrient content in fertilizer % Fertilizer use% in the season). The advantage of using this formula to calculate the demand for fertilizer demand is that the amount of various fertilizers can be determined based on the specific soil nutrient content. However, it is unrealistic to measure the effective soil nutrient of each peanut field in actual field production. In the case of unknown soil nutrient availability, compensation fertilization can be used to determine the fertilizer demand for peanuts. This method is based on the absorption of each nutrient element and the absorption characteristics of each nutrient element per 100 kg of pods. Second, peanut leaf spray fertilizer application technology Peanut leaves have a strong suction function and can operate in various parts of the plant. The use of foliar fertilizer has the advantages of high fertilizer absorption rate, economical use of fertilizer, and significant yield increase, especially for the mitigation and treatment of peanut deficiency diseases. Peanut grows vigorously, and the leaf surface absorbs more quickly, or on continuous cloudy and rainy days, the soil contains more water. When peanut roots are difficult to absorb nutrients, the effect of foliar fertilization is more pronounced. Spraying foliar fertilizer in middle and late stages of peanuts will prevent premature senescence, increase the efficiency of photosynthesis, and promote fruit filling. Fertilizers suitable for use as foliar fertilizers in production and methods of use are as follows: (1) Potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Generally, 0.2% KH2PO4 solution is sprayed twice. Each time, the solution is sprayed with 55-60kg per acre. For example, if the foliage is yellowish, 0.5% urea solution can be mixed and sprayed to increase the yield. (2) Boron fertilizer. Peanuts are sprayed with boron fertilizer during the full fruiting period. Generally, they are sprayed once at full flowering stage and during full fruit filling stage. 120 g of borax is used per mu, and dissolved first with a small amount of warm water. Then diluted with 50 kg of fresh water and sprayed with foliar. (3) Iron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer. Peanut is extremely sensitive to iron, and 0.4% ferrous sulfate is sprayed once every autumn flowering period and fruit filling period, which can increase production by more than 10%. If zinc fertilizer is mixed and sprayed in iron fertilizer, the effect of increasing production is better. Each time, each mus of ferrous sulfate 160~200g, zinc sulfate 100g, 55kg diluted with water can be evenly sprayed. (4) Photosynthetic fertilizer. Applying photosynthetic micronutrients to peanuts not only satisfies the need for multiple trace elements, but also inhibits photorespiration, reduces consumption, increases photosynthetic efficiency, and promotes full filling of pods, which can increase production by more than 7%. During the full bloom period of peanuts and pods, spray 100g of photosynthetic fertilizer per acre, add 50kg of water, and select a cloudy or sunny afternoon spray. (5) Rare earths. Rare earth can promote the development and fullness of pods. In the flowering period and pod filling period, 15 g of rare earth nitrate or 50 ml of rare earth and animal planting treasure is used per acre, and 50 kg of water is added. After dilution, it is sprayed on a cloudy or sunny afternoon. Third, the use of organic fertilizer technology Planting peanuts is generally in sandy soils. This type of soil has low organic matter content, poor granule structure, and water leakage. Therefore, if peanuts need high yields, they have to improve soil conditions, increase organic matter, activate soil, improve soil structure, improve soil fertility, and increase fertilizer supply. Water supply capacity. The use of organic fertilizers is a necessary condition for improving soil conditions. It contains a large amount of organic matter, and it has complete nutrients and long-term supply of fertilizers. The more slender sandy land requires more organic fertilizer to achieve the purpose of improvement. Organic fertilizers are generally used in three ways: first, fertilization is applied to the farmland after fermentation processing; second, straw is returned directly to the field; and third, organic matter such as crop stalks, food waste, and animal manure is used for fermentation, processing, and granulation. Other dosage forms are applied to the soil or foliar spray; Fourth, they are mixed with chemical fertilizers and then applied to farmland. This is the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer that is being promoted. Fourth, the application of biological bacterial fertilizer on peanut Biological bacterial fertilizer is a kind of product that causes the crop to obtain a specific fertilizer effect as a result of microbial activity, and is a kind of fertilizer used in agricultural production. For a period of time, due to the heavy application of chemical fertilizers in successive years, the soil has brought about salinization, soil structure destruction, especially the antagonistic microorganisms that decompose the pests, the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, the potassium-resolving bacteria, and the beneficial microorganisms that balance soil nutrients have been suppressed and destroyed. Peanut root rot disease, iron deficiency yellow leaf disease and mites and other pests and diseases have become more serious each year, which has caused serious obstacles to peanut production. At present, it has been found that biofertilizers containing Bacillus spp., including spores of Bacillus sp., Bacillus subtilis, and Sporothriella sp., have the efficacy of full-price nutrition and insect repellency. Fifth, peanut fertilizer effect backward migration technology (1) Peanut fertilizer efficiency backward movement technology Peanuts are inconvenient for top dressing due to mulching and under-ground conditions. Many of them are fertilized before sowing, resulting in prolonged lodging in early stages, premature deferment of defertilization, increased leaf spot, early defoliation, and poor fruit filling, affecting yield and quality. The fertilizer efficiency backward migration technology refers to slow-release long-term fertilizers such as controlled-release fertilizers, organic fertilizers, organic-inorganic compound fertilizers, and bio-organic fertilizers, which delays the fertilizer efficiency period, increases the fertilizer efficiency in the middle and later stages, and can control the prosperous growth of the early stage and prevent premature deferment , Improve the utilization of fertilizers and reduce the pollution of fertilizers to the environment. (2) Characteristics and Application of Peanut Controlled Release Fertilizer Controlled-release fertilizers are coated with a special membrane in the outer layer of traditional fertilizers. According to the crop nutrient requirements, the release rate and release rate of controlled release nutrients are such that the nutrient release curve is consistent with the crop demand. The release of nutrients by controlled-release fertilizers depends on temperature. During the daytime, the temperature is released quickly and released at night. The release is slow at night, and the plants are also photosynthetically active at high daytime temperatures. The following matters should be taken into account when using peanuts for controlled-release fertilizers: The first is the choice of fertilizer types. At present, there are many types of controlled-release fertilizers according to different controlled release periods and different nutrient contents. Different controlled release periods mainly correspond to the length of the crop growth period. Different nutrient contents mainly correspond to the amount of fertilizer needed by different crops. Therefore, it is necessary to apply fertilizer during the fertilization process. The application was targeted. It is better to use low-nitrogen, high-phosphorus and high-potassium formulas on peanuts. As a base fertilizer trench application, the application amount varies depending on the yield and fertility. Generally, the application amount per mu square meter is 40~50kg. The second is the application period. Controlled-release fertilizers must be basal or top-dressing, that is, they should be applied at the seeding stage of the crop or at the seedling growth stage after sowing. The third is the application method. Application of controlled-release fertilizer to achieve isolation of seed fertilizer, ditch (bar) applied to soil, generally requires seed and fertilizer spacing distance of 7 ~ 10cm, applied to the soil depth of about 10cm. Disclaimer: Some articles in this website have been transferred from the Internet. If you are involved in third party legal rights, please inform this website. phone We're professional Other Urology Instruments manufacturers and suppliers in China, specialized in
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