Fertilization principle Under drought conditions, it is necessary to appropriately reduce the total amount of fertilization, and "fertilize water with fertilizer" combined with irrigation to control the growth and development of crops. The amount of fertilizer applied should not be too large. If the amount of one-time fertilization is large during drought, it is easy to cause the applied fertilizer to be washed away when heavy rain occurs after drought. This will not only cause economic losses to farmers, but also pollute the environment. Therefore, it should be combined with irrigation for fertilization. Deep application of fertilizer, water and fertilizer. In the case of drought, the fertilizer is volatile if only the fertilizer is applied to the surface. If there is heavy rain after a drought, it is easy to be washed away by the rain. Therefore, we should apply chemical fertilizer as deep as possible, and then apply water and fertilizer to maintain fertilizer efficiency. Pay attention to the reasonable mix of fertilizers, especially potash and boron fertilizers. It is understood that potassium ions can regulate the colloidal properties of protoplasts, so that water can smoothly enter cells and strengthen the water-holding capacity of cells; suitable potassium nutrition can also increase the ratio of root to shoot and enhance the water absorption capacity of crops. Fertilization strategy As a fruit planting area, the first characteristic of fertilization of fruit trees in Shaanxi, Shanxi and Gansu regions is that the climate is dry and the annual precipitation is small, but the evaporation is large. Except for some farmland with river water irrigation conditions, water shortage is the region. The biggest obstacle to agricultural production. According to this feature, experts believe that fertilization should be combined with water-saving irrigation. In addition, drought is not good for the growth and development of crops and the process of absorbing and utilizing nutrients, so that fertilization does not achieve the desired results. First, pay attention to the combination of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer. When fertilizing, it should be noted that organic fertilizer should be decomposed, and non-fertilized organic fertilizer is easy to cause high temperature burning; it should be used as base fertilizer and combined with deep tillage to facilitate soil fertility and effective soil improvement; soil moisture under drought conditions Low, easy to cause burning seedlings, must be well seed and fertilizer isolation. Second, pay attention to the selection of appropriate fertilization methods. If the nitrogen and potassium fertilizers needed for the whole year of the fruit tree are mixed with the organic fertilizer, the nitrogen and potassium absorption peaks are not applied to the fruit trees. Inorganic nutrients will inevitably be fixed or lost in the soil. In the second year, nitrogen or potassium deficiency will occur in the peak of nitrogen or potassium demand of fruit trees. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the application of controlled release agents when applying nitrogen fertilizer. If the rainy weather is caught during the topdressing period, the topdressing should be properly supplemented. Fertilization technology Experts believe that if you want to accurately and scientifically formulate fertilization, you must master the five parameters of target yield, fertilizer demand for fruit trees, soil fertilizer supply, fertilizer utilization rate and effective nutrient content in fertilizer, which is the basis of formula fertilization. First, the target yield of fruit tree crops is determined according to the comprehensive factors such as tree species, variety, tree age, tree potential, flower bud and climate, soil, and cultivation management. The second is that the fruit trees need fertilizer, and the fruit trees need to absorb a certain amount of nutrients in the annual cycle to form an autologous intact tissue. The third is the amount of soil fertility, the content of mineral elements in the soil is quite rich, but if the fertilizer is not applied for a long time, the growth and development of the fruit trees is poor; this is because the mineral elements in the soil are mostly in a free state, and the roots cannot be absorbed and utilized. The natural supply of three elements in the soil is roughly as follows: the natural supply of nitrogen is about 1/3 of the amount of nitrogen absorbed, the amount of phosphorus is 1/2 of the amount absorbed, and the amount of potassium is 1/2 of the amount absorbed. Fourth, the fertilizer utilization rate, the fertilizer applied to the soil, due to the adsorption and fixation of the soil and the result of leaching, decomposition and volatilization with water, can not be fully absorbed by the fruit trees; the utilization rate of fertilizers by fruit trees, due to tree species and varieties , rootstocks and soil management systems vary. The fifth is the effective nutrient content in the fertilizer. In the formula fertilization, the effective nutrient content in the fertilizer is an important parameter. The effective nutrient content of commonly used organic fertilizers and mineral fertilizers such as urea is 46% nitrogen, potassium sulfate is 48% to 52%, ammonium phosphate is 17% and phosphorus is 47%, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 52%. Others such as borax include 11.3% boron, potassium sulfate contains 23% to 25% zinc, and ferrous sulfate contains 19% to 29% iron. 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