Chilblain is a common physical skin disease in winter, but its incidence is related to a series of factors such as physical condition and environment. Chilblains generally occur in people with relatively weak constitutions, and those with symptoms such as blood circulation disorders, malnutrition, severe fatigue, or anemia are more likely to have a higher incidence. In addition, prolonged exposure to cold water and moist living conditions are also susceptible to frostbite. According to statistics, 200 million people in China suffer from frostbite every year. Once a frostbite occurs, it is often difficult to cure it quickly during the cold season. It will only gradually heal after waiting for the weather to warm up. To reduce the incidence of frostbite, the key is to begin prevention at the beginning of winter.

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Prevention of frostbite can start from the following aspects:

1, the weather suddenly cold in the winter season at this time the most prone to frostbite, should pay special attention to keep warm, especially in the prevalence of frostbite, warm, cold is the main cause of frostbite. At the same time, reduce the relative humidity in the environment as much as possible, and keep the local environment dry.

2, adhere to physical exercise, can improve the blood circulation, improve cold resistance and immune function of the whole body. Chilblains are local, but are inseparable from the general condition. Therefore, physical exercise is the best way to prevent frostbite.

3, insist on washing hands with cold water, wash your face, or cold water bath, winter swimming, etc., can significantly speed up blood circulation and improve cold resistance.

4, shoes and socks should not be too tight limb distal peripheral blood circulation is not good, will induce or produce frostbite. Too tight shoes and socks will make the blood circulation of the feet worse, so prevent frostbite should not pass through tight shoes and socks. Wear a wide, comfortable, sweat-soaked insole to keep it dry and avoid partial pressure.

5. If you are in a cold environment for too long, such as riding out, go home immediately after soaking with freezing water and heavy parts of the local pressure, or use rubbing massage to strengthen the local friction and exercise to Rapidly improve local blood circulation.

6, active treatment of related diseases: autonomic dysfunction, poor distal limb blood circulation, hand, foot and sweat, malnutrition, anemia, etc., can cause or induce frostbite. People with a history of frostbite may treat their disease or take early medications that change the distal end of the cycle before each winter.

7, the degree of frostbite is lighter, can be self-inflicted frostbite at the beginning, can play a role in promoting blood circulation, warm cold and cold. The method is: (1) gently rubbing or finger rubbing in the affected area for 1 to 2 minutes. (2) For the affected area 搓捻 1 to 2 minutes, there is a good sense of heat. (3) Push up and down about 10 times with the affected area as the center. (4) Quickly pinch the frostbite at the pinna, pinch and loosen to promote blood circulation. (5) Extend the frostbite of the opponent's foot and assist in flexion and extension activities.

When exercising or working outdoors, pay attention to the warmth of the bare part of the body (such as the hands and ears), and apply some oil on the skin to reduce the heat dissipation of the skin. If you are standing guard or fieldwork, you should increase the activities of your hands and feet to promote blood circulation. Do not overtighten your shoes, as too tight will affect the local blood circulation and frostbite. If you can usually wash your hands, feet and face with cold water, you can enhance the body's ability to resist cold, and it is not easy to get frostbite.

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