In order to restore and proliferate Sinonovacula constricta resources, the Marine and Fisheries Bureau of Haimen City, Jiangsu Province organized and implemented the research project of the artificial breeding technology of alfalfa. After nearly 3 years of promotion, the basic development of 5500 mu of silty mudflats suitable for alfalfa cultivation in the city in 2002 use. In the process of promoting the culture technology of flat cocoon, we focused on the promotion of five key technologies such as seedling transportation technology, selection of breeding sites, play and density control of seedlings, management of breeding period, and prevention of enemy harm.
First, seed transportation technology
In the past three years, the rapid development of alfalfa breeding has led to a situation in which the supply of local seedlings is in short supply. Every year, a large number of seedlings and long-distance transportation are organized from Zhejiang Yuhuan and Yueqing regions, thus requiring high technical requirements for seedlings.
Transplanting seedlings are generally selected from mid-March to early May. Seedlings are 1.5 cm or more in length. Before seedlings are transported, the seedlings are washed with seawater to remove dirt and impurities and put into baskets to keep the seedlings pure. . When transporting, each basket is loaded with about 25kg of seedlings, and the baskets are closely connected with the baskets, and the upper and lower baskets are separated by planks so as to prevent the vibration from being severe and cause damage to the seedlings. Keep the seedlings moist during transportation. Sprinkle seawater every 3 hours to prevent sunlight, rain, and drying. In order to reduce the death of seedlings in transit, they were selected for cloudy or cold weather transportation and the transportation time was controlled within 40 hours.
Second, the selection of breeding sites
ç¼¢è› Suitable for mudflat mudflat culture requires a clear stratification of the mudflats. There are 3cm - 5cm sedimentary slime on the surface, 20cm - 30cm sediment on the middle layer, and silt on the bottom. The tidal zone from the lower part of the middle tide area to the low tide area was exposed for 3 hours to 5 hours each day, with a flat and slightly inclined tidal flat near the inner bay or estuary. The farming area is calm and smooth, with a constant flow rate.
After selecting suitable breeding sites, the breeding site should be constructed. There are two ways to build Putian: One is in the inner bay with calm waves, sandy beaches with more mud, ditching and digging, plugging in signs, and spreading the seedlings to the seedlings; The species is built into farms by building embankments, turning soil, ramming soil, leveling, smoothing, ditching, and tillering. The local beach was painted in a “U†shape, calm and calm. The flow velocity of the water body was slow. There were many freshwater injections. The sludge content in muddy mudflats was as high as 80%. Therefore, the first method was chosen to construct the beach. The shoal is divided into 7m to 8m wide pods, which are separated by a 0.5m wide sulcus. The screeds are flattened and polished using a wooden board. The ditch is used for drainage to prevent water in the area, and it is also used by production managers to walk.
Third, seedlings play and density control
1. Seed purchase
The standard of good seedlings is that the constitution is strong and strong, the shell color is clear, the front end is yellow, the sides are red and green, and the size is uniform, free of impurities, and no odor; on the basket, it is slightly vibrated, that is, the two shells are tightly closed and issued嗦 嗦 声 声 声 声 声 声 声 声 声 声 声 声 声 声 声 声 sound;
2. Sowing time
Select seedlings from the middle of March to the beginning of May. Generally, 1.5cm seedlings are transplanted and planted. The survival rate is high. In the production, early seeding seedlings were found to have high survival rate and large finished product specifications.
3. Seeding method
Before sowing seedlings, the seedlings were first grown in wooden barrels, washed with sea water to remove impurities, and seedlings were sown using the sowing method. When sowing seedlings, the left portable seedling basket, the right hand gently grab the seedlings, hard to throw on the surface. When there is no wind, the two people will sow the seeds on both sides of the surface. When there is wind, they will sow in the wind.
The sowing seedlings were selected to be carried out during the tidal period. Because of the long drying time during the tidal period, the sown seeds had enough time to drill mud and the rate of potential drilling was high. Calculating a good time each time when the seedlings are entered, the seedlings are sent between the tides and the surface of the seedlings. The seedlings begin to sow and the tides rise to the end of the first half hour.
4. Seedling density
The seedling density depends on the soft and hard ground sediment, the height of the tidal area, and the seed size. For the relatively large amount of sediment, low tide, low tide surface, late season and large seedlings, there are many bottom sediments, tendons, early seasons, and small seedlings so as to achieve reasonable close planting. Increase your yield. According to local experience, seedlings with a 1.5 cm shell length typically have a seeding density of 50 kg/mu - 100 kg/mu. After 1 year of growth, they can produce 750 cm long shells with 350 kg to 700 kg.
5. Seedling precautions
After the seedlings are transported to their destinations, they should be placed in a cool place for about one hour, and the baskets containing the seedlings must be shaken several times to shrink the water pipes. When washing the seedlings, avoid large amounts of water in the seedlings to increase the rate of lagging. The floodwaters rose to the bottom half an hour before they stopped seedlings to prevent seedlings from escaping into the mud and being washed away by the tide. When sowing seedlings suddenly rain, the proportion of the water down the earth, affecting the seedlings to drill, you can take salt in the way to spread salt, per acre salt 7kg--13kg, in order to increase the salinity of the water salinity, Promote seedlings to drill mud.
IV. Management of growing period
After the stocking is completed, the seedlings enter the management of the breeding period. The breeding period management includes the management of dragonflies, the prevention and control of enemy evils, and anti-disaster measures. It is a key measure to ensure the high yield of alfalfa. It is necessary to do a good job in painting due to the appropriate coating. jobs.
1. Do a good job in the initial stage of management. After seed sowing, due to various factors, the seedlings have some losses. In order to ensure that the seedlings reach a certain density, the seedling repairing work shall be done in time, that is, after the sowing is conducted for 2 days to 3 days, the survival rate of the seedlings shall be checked on the undercoat and the number of dead skins and the density of the seeding holes shall be used to determine whether The amount of replanting and replanting needed.
2. Grasp the daily tidal flat management. The farmers are required to conduct inspections every day after the ebb tide, remove debris, fill the surface of potholes, and eliminate predators.
3. Natural disaster defense. At the turn of spring and summer, heavy storms frequently occur. Floods carry a large amount of mud to accumulate and suffocate when serious. In response to this situation, the farmers were instructed to use the bulldozers to push the silt to another place, and to carry out the bulldozing and clearing of the ditch after each tidal tide for the slow-moving and silt-laden depressions. After entering the summer, due to the long sunshine and high temperatures, the surface is washed by the sea tide to bring small pits. After the ebb tide, the water is hot and the sun is hot, which can easily lead to high temperature and hot seedlings. Therefore, the summer should be focused on flat Work.
4. Do a good job in disease prevention and control. The clam shell is thin, soft, and has poor defense capabilities against enemy enemies. It often encounters the hazards of various types of marine organisms. Its main predators include arrowheads, spotted snails, etc., and can take measures for drug control.
Five, into a harvest
After 10 months of sowing, the body length reaches about 5cm, and can be harvested before and after the Spring Festival. A few can be caught until the second year of September-October. There are three types of catching methods: digging, catching, and hooking. The excavation method is applicable to the hard sandy land with dry sandy mud bottom, the better density of the mudflats, the dry land after the tide ebbing, and the earthworms excavate in order from the ends of the earthworms. Depending on the depth, digging, edging, and putting in the basket. The hand-catch method is suitable for soft muddy acupoints, and is inserted directly into the acupuncture point to capture it. The catching action is faster, so as not to let the mule be frightened and fall into the bottom of the hole, resulting in difficulty in catching. This method is less used. The hook catch method is most commonly used. It is inserted along the edge of the axillary cavity vertically along the outer edge of the clam shell to the lower end of the corpus callosum, and is then rotated and hooked on the corpus callosum to pick it up.
Flat Cocoon High-yield Breeding Technology