Control of Main Diseases and Pests of Strawberry in Greenhouse

First, powdery mildew

1. Symptoms. In the early stage, lesions of various sizes were produced at the disease center of diseased leaves, and white powders (conidia of pathogens) formed on the back of leaves. In severe conditions, except for the leaves, the petioles, flowers, pedicels, and fruits are all susceptible to disease, resulting in atrophy and coking of the leaf margin; the young fruit ceases to develop and even dry up; white powder forms on the fruit and loses its food value. The whole plant died when severe.

2. Control methods. Use disease-resistant varieties or varieties with strong plant resistance. Rotation is best done with cruciferous vegetables and legumes, preferably with paddy crops. After the harvest, the diseased body was completely removed. During the growth period, diseased leaves, diseased fruits, and old leaves were promptly removed, and they were buried deep outside the shed to reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria. From July to August, the soil was sterilized by high temperature. When the disease starts, 50% of the bacteriostatic 800 times solution, 50% of the polysulfide suspension agent 500 times solution, 10% of the world's high 1500 times solution, 43% of bacteria gram, 40% of Fuxing and other agents can be sprayed, and 2 to 3 times of continuous control .

Second, gray mold

1. Symptoms. The main damage flower, fruit, leaves. The victim of flowering plants was initially infected with water-stained dots on flower buds, and then gradually enlarged the ovary and young fruit to make the young fruit wet and rot. After the victim suffers, a pale brown lesion develops and develops into the fruit, causing the fruit to become wet and rot and easily fall off. When the humidity is high, brownish-brown mildew can be produced; when dry, the diseased fruit is dry and rot.

2. Control methods. Use resistant varieties. Rotation is carried out with the addition of organic fertilizers and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Deep plowing before planting, sorghum cultivation, pay attention to humidification and warming throughout the growing season. Before planting, apply 25% carbendazim powder 5 to 6 kg per acre and spread it into the soil after spreading. At the beginning of the onset, 50% quick-acting l500-fold liquid, 1:1:200 Bordeaux fluid, 40% polysulfide suspension 600 times, and 50% gray-mildew spirit 500 times, are sprayed and sprayed once every 6-8 days. Depending on the condition, spray 2 or 3 times.

Third, root rot

1. Symptoms. Low incidence of severe disease. After the fungus penetrates from the tip of the root, it develops toward the root. The center of the root is first red or reddish, and then gradually turns dark brown and decays. The part of the ground starts to turn reddish-brown from the edge of the base leaf and gradually wither and die.

2. Control methods. Seedlings were sterilized 3 times with 50% Scronin in the nursery; the soil was thoroughly disinfected or treated with high temperature before transplanting; the diseased seedlings were not planted, and the seedlings were soaked with Keccodan liquor when they were transplanted. After the planting, the old leaves should be removed in time, organic fertilizer should be applied more, nitrogen fertilizer should be less, and strong seedlings should be cultivated. Proper watering to prevent water accumulation in the shed.

Fourth, leaf spot (snake eye disease)

1. Symptoms. It mainly occurs on the leaves, especially after the fruit is harvested. In the early stages of diseased leaves, purplish red spots develop, which then expand into round lesions of 2 to 5 mm in size. The edges are purplish red and the center is grayish and resembles snake eyes. Excessive leaf lesions will cause leaf dryness, a large number of diseases will affect the photosynthesis of the leaves, resulting in reduced plant disease resistance.

2. Control methods. Thoroughly clean the fields and burn or bury the litter. The diseased leaves were removed early; heavy land masses cut leaves after harvesting, followed by cultivating, weeding, fertilizing, and irrigation to promote early leaf growth. A 1:1:200 Bordeaux mixture is sprayed before the inflorescence is revealed until flowering. When the disease is serious, spray it once every 10 days until it is harvested.

V. Brown spot (leaf blight)

1. Symptoms. The main damage to the leaves, fruit stems, petioles can also be disease. After the leaves became sick, they first appeared brown dots, and then gradually expanded into round or near-elliptic patches. The center of the round spots was brown, and the periphery was purple-brown. The edges were purple, and the diseased and healthy junctions were obvious. Late spots can be formed on brown spots, arranged in an irregular ring pattern. When the lesions fuse together, large pieces of leaf tissue will die. When lesions occur at the tips of leaves and veins, they often cause leaf tissue to die with a "V" shape.

2. Control methods. Use resistant varieties. Cultivate strong seedlings and control the use of nitrogen fertilizers. Before planting, the seedlings were soaked with 40% thiophanate-methyl 500 times for 20 minutes to reduce the incidence. At the beginning of the disease, 75% chlorothalonil 500 times, 50% benomyl 1500 times, 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000 times, 7 to 10 days, and even 3 to 4 times.

Six, locusts

1. Symptoms. There are many kinds of aphids that damage strawberries, among which peach aphid is the most. Many locusts suck sap on the back of leaves and tender hearts, making the leaves curl and deformed.

2. Control methods. Timely removal of field stubbles, weeds, removal of old leaves, reduce the source of insects. Can use 2.5% deltamethrin 2000 times, 20% cypermethrin 2000 times and other agents alternately control. Can also be used 5% killing smoke agent, 300 to 400 grams per acre, smoked in the evening when the closed shed.

Seven, red spider

1. Symptoms. At the time of first occurrence, the plants sucked up the juice near the back of the ground blade, and the leaves showed green spots. The color was white and then red. In severe cases, it was rust-colored and dry off. In the later period, it migrated to the young part of the upper part of the plant and harmed the young leaves, tender stems and small berries, and the whole plant died of dryness when severe.

2. Control methods. Timely removal of stubble leaves, burning or fattening. Timely watering and fertilization promotes robust growth of plants. Early medication control, the main attack occurred stage. In order to prevent drug resistance, continuous single drug administration should be avoided. Commonly used drugs include 20% chlorsulfuron 2000 times solution, 1.8% NPK 2000 times solution, 50% fluorene 1500 times solution, and 70% chlorpheniramine 2000 times. Liquid and so on. Spraying is prohibited 20 days before picking.

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