In pig production, sows are the basis for breeding herds. The production of sows includes four stages of mating, pregnancy, delivery, and lactation. Among them, delivery is one of the busiest stages of production. The goal is to ensure the safe delivery of sows. The born piglets lived and thrived. It is the key to raising the sow's production level to do the feeding and management work before and after the sow is born, and it is also a precondition for the piglet cultivation work.

One, rearing and management of sows before littering

(1) Before sows are born before their litters, especially during the first 30 days of calving, the fetus grows rapidly, and the body weight increases rapidly. The volume of the abdominal cavity of the sow keeps shrinking. At this time, the green and rough feed should be reduced. Volume, increase the amount of concentrate feed, especially the supply of protein feed. The level of dietary nutrients per kilogram of mixed material is 12.13 MJ ~ 12.55 MJ, about 15% crude protein. The feeding method adopts free feeding. The feeding amount is based on the weight and body condition of the sow. The feeding amount is generally 3 to 4 kilograms of mixed feed per day, 1 to 2 kilograms of green feed, which is divided into 3 feedings and clean drinking water. In the first 5 to 7 days before the sow begins to reduce the amount of feed, especially to reduce the amount of concentrate feed, increase the amount of high-quality green feed, to ensure adequate drinking water, prevent constipation and postpartum food. Be careful not to feed moldy, frozen, worm-eaten, toxic and irritating feeds to avoid causing stillbirth or miscarriage.

(b) Management of the sows before littering The sows should be raised in a single circle before the farrowing. Pay attention to the protection of the fetus. Do not beat, prevent biting, crowding, slumping and other mechanical stimuli, exercise properly, and soak up the sun to enhance the physique. So that childbirth goes smoothly. In winter, the cold insulation work should be strengthened to prevent sow fever and cause embryonic death or miscarriage. Stop exercise 5 to 7 days before labor, and transfer to labor delivery. Before the sows enter the delivery room, they must thoroughly clean and disinfect the production circle to keep the pig bed clean and dry. At the same time, the pig body should be cleaned and disinfected, especially for the abdomen, breasts, and pus, and must be kept clean. In the winter season, heat preservation measures for the delivery room should also be provided. There should be heating equipment (heating, stoves, etc.), and at least piglet insulation (care kits, heat lamps, etc.) should be provided. If grass is used, bedding should be placed in the house in advance so that its temperature is the same as that of Shev. It requires the grass to be dry, soft, clean, and moderate in length (10 to 15 cm). In addition, the delivery room is required to be quiet, sunny, fresh air, and comfortable barn. Otherwise, it is easy to postpone delivery, prolong the delivery time, and increase piglet mortality.

Second, sow rearing and management

(A) Rearing sows after sows are born can feed a small amount of bran water or thin congee after birth. 3 to 4 days to feed the mixture, fed 50% full, 4 to 5 days after childbirth can gradually increase the amount of feed until about 1 week after delivery can be fed according to the nursing sow feeding level. Generally, 3 to 4 times a day, the amount of feed is 4 to 5 kilograms per day, and the nutritional level per kilogram of mixed material contains not less than 12.55 MJ of digestive energy and 16% to 18% of crude protein. To ensure the supply of minerals and vitamins, it is appropriate to feed 1.5 to 2.0 kg of green feed each day. Otherwise, it is easy to cause postpartum indigestion or excessive milk secretion in the sow, so that the piglets can't finish eating or eat and cause indigestion and diarrhea. Pay attention to the quality of the feed should be nutritious and easy to digest. In order to promote the digestion of sows, improve milk quality, and prevent piglets from squatting, they can feed about 25 grams of baking soda every day during the first week of the sow, and give them 2 to 3 doses per day when drinking water. For sows that have a tendency to dry their stools and have constipation, they should drink more water or feed with a laxative effect. Some sows due to malnutrition during pregnancy, postpartum milkless or lack of milk, should be promptly carried out milk, otherwise it will lead to piglets stunted or even starved to death. Can be fed to sow millet porridge, soy milk, placenta gut, fish soup and so on. For sows with good sensation and insufficient milk, in addition to feeding lactation feed, drug prolactin can be used at the same time. For example, 40 grams of Vaccaria, 30 grams of Damutong, 50 grams of Motherwort, 40 grams of Six Divine Comedy, 30 grams of Jing San Ling, 20 grams of Radix Paeoniae Rubra, 50 grams of fried malt, and 30 grams of Du Honghua, mixed with Bawei, and decocted with water 1 dose, divided into 2 doses, and even served 2 to 3 days; Vaccaria, Leak, reedgrass each 30 grams, water decoction with wheat bran fed clothes, 1 day, even for 3 days; 10 tablets, 1 oral administration and so on.

(b) Management of sows after farrowing should keep the delivery room warm, dry and hygienic. Poor conditions in the delivery room and unsanitary obstetrics may cause postpartum sow infection, fever, loss of appetite, loss of milk or lack of milk, etc. If not treated, light causes slow growth of piglets, and most of them lead to starvation of piglets. . Therefore, we must do a good job in the delivery room hygiene, we must always replace the bedding, pay attention to ventilation, to ensure the fresh air inside the house. The genitals of postpartum sows should be kept clean. When there is lochia around the roots of the tail, they should be promptly washed and disinfected, and mosquitoes and flies should be prevented in summer. Sows are given antibiotics if necessary, and the uterus is flushed with 2% to 3% warm saline or 0.1% potassium permanganate solution, while keeping the nipple clean and preventing nipples, frostbite, and atrophy. It is forbidden to scare and whip the sow.

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