On August 23, the Department entered the summer heat and the late rice was in an important period of field management and fertilization. It was necessary to apply fertilizer regulation according to the type of late rice: 1. Fertilization of double-season rice Due to the short growing period, the late rice of double-season rice will begin to differentiate at the time of delivery, and will enter the peak of tillering during the panicle differentiation. There will be an obvious absorption peak in the whole life, that is, the peak of fertilizer absorption will be formed 2-3 weeks after transplanting. The absorption peaks of single-season late rice were concentrated and advanced. Because the early water temperature and high soil temperature are not conducive to the absorption of the root system, it is necessary to pay attention to the increase of panicle fertilizer in the double-season rice, and to be carried out twice in the spike-differentiation-meiosis stage. However, in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the application of nitrogen fertilizer during flowering should be controlled in different stages. Because of the rapid decline in the temperature in the later period, excessive nitrogen fertilizer will not only cause rice greediness, delay ripening and reduce production, but also aggravate the occurrence of pests and diseases. Based on the above characteristics, base fertilizer and top dressing were applied to fertilization techniques of double-season late rice. Appropriate amount of top dressing was applied at the stage of spike differentiation. Under the condition of ensuring safe heading, seedlings were supplemented with grain fertilizer at a later stage. 2. Fertilization of single-season rice Single-season rice has a long growing period, and vegetative growth and reproductive growth are separate types. This type of late rice has two peaks of uptake of fertilizer, one in the tillering period, and the other in the period of spike differentiation, and the peak of late fertilizer absorption is higher than the previous period. Under late rice transplanting and transplanting under different cultivation methods, the appropriate proportion of nitrogen fertilizer is 40%-50%, which is conducive to obtaining suitable grain number per spike and 1000-grain weight. The total amount of nitrogen in the false facilities is 12-14 kg/mu, and the ratio of basal fertilizer, barley fertilizer and panicle fertilizer cultivated in the dumplings is 4:3:3. The ratio of base fertilizer, manure fertilizer and panicle fertilizer for transplanting nitrogen fertilizer was 5:3:2. In short, the double-season late rice and the single-season late rice are different in the period of nitrogen fertilizer application. The principle of the former is: appropriate re-application of tiller fertilizer, reflecting the principle of promoting, controlling, and protecting afterwards. Single-season rice should reflect the principle of stable, medium-break, and late-compensation; appropriate control in the early stage, and focus on large spikes, and the top dressing can be divided into 2 to 3 times. In addition, late rice fields are prone to potassium deficiency than early rice, and the amount of potassium per acre is 4-6 kilograms, which can be used as a base fertilizer, or 50% as base fertilizer and 50% as panicle fertilizer application. (Professor of China Agricultural University Cao Yiping)
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