The relevant meteorological department is forecasting that the temperature in winter this year will be lower than in previous years, and it will have a serious impact on the production of greenhouse vegetables. In response, the relevant experts of the General Station of Agricultural Technology Extension of Hebei Province put forward several suggestions: warming and insulation of the greenhouses; defense against good weather The impact of disasters on the yield of greenhouse vegetables; strengthening the prevention of pests and diseases. To ensure the safety of vegetables through the winter, comprehensively improve the quality and safety of vegetables, to meet the normal supply of the Spring Festival vegetable market.
Reporter: Do you need to pay attention to those matters in the greenhouse warming insulation work? What should I do?
Experts: It should be noted that the temperature in the greenhouse is always maintained above 12°C, and the preservation of vegetables such as cucumbers, tomatoes, and fruit and vegetables is mainly based on preservation of roots, preservation, and preservation. Specific methods: First, for the sheds with less grass curtains, thinner back walls, and poor heat insulation, the thickness of the slats should be increased. Double curtains should be used as much as possible. The straw curtains are dry. The second is that the temperature in the greenhouse is lower than 6°C, and heating should be performed by burning the furnace.
Reporter: What are the adverse weather conditions encountered in winter greenhouses? How is this urgent?
Experts: Common snowfall weather, continuous cloudy weather, windy weather, and long-cloudy sunny weather affect the production of greenhouse vegetables.
Experts: Emergency measures for snowfall: To roll up the grass curtains, immediately clear snow on the shed film after the snow stops, and the parts of the greenhouse where the slope is difficult to clean, gently scrape down with a smooth wooden stick, try to Do not scratch the film. Snowfall at night, but also pay attention to the timely removal of snow on the straw, should use plastic film in advance to wrap the straw, to prevent the straw curtain water absorption, resulting in excessive weight of the shed body to make the arch distortion, or even collapse.
Experts: Contingency measures for even cloudy days: If you encounter a cloudy day, if the temperature is not low, you must uncover the straw curtain. If the sun is exposed for a short time, the temperature in the shed will increase. Hanging a light curtain on the back wall of the greenhouse will also play a role of lightening and warming on cloudy days. When there are more cloudy days in winter, it should cover the mulch film earlier, increase the temperature of the ground, and reduce the occurrence of low-temperature freezing damage.
Experts: Defense against windy weather: When there is a bulging phenomenon in the shed film, immediately squeeze the film line or put down some grass curtains and press it in the middle of the roof in front of the greenhouse. When the wind is encountered at night, it is best to place a straw curtain across the front of the greenhouse and press it firmly with stones.
Experts: After a long period of haze and haze, the management: a long time, cloudy, foggy weather, once sunny, the transpiration of vegetables to strengthen the root absorption can not keep up, after a sunny day will be a large number of dead seedlings, first, pay attention to cover the straw, to prevent flash seedlings. After the weather turns green, the temperature rises quickly and the seedlings will drastically wilt. From 10:00 am, the changes of seedlings should be taken care of, and appropriate measures should be taken to cover the grass curtains and spray water (or foliar fertilizer) into the shed. Second, after sunny days, watering as slowly as possible must be done before the roots are rejuvenated and then watered, otherwise it is easy to cause dead roots. If you need to top-dressing with water, you should pour small water, and apply the quick-dissolving fertilizer with water. The concentration should be small. Third, after the sunny days, the rooting agent was used to irrigate the roots, and the leaves were sprayed with multi-element micro-fertilizer to make up for the lack of root absorption.
Reporter: What vegetables in the winter can cause pests? How to prevent pests?
Experts: Commonly there are tomatoes, celery, cucumbers, rapeseed and fennel, especially tomatoes are prone to epidemics and gray mold, because of prolonged low temperatures, the growth of vegetables is weakened, resistance is reduced, and pests and diseases are prone to occur.
Experts: Early detection and early prevention should be done. For downy mildew and epidemic disease, 72% of clenbuterol and 64% of antiviral drugs are sprayed 800 times, and gray mold is sprayed with 50% acetaminophen, Schmiedes, or 600 mg per kilogram, and once every 7-10 days. To prevent the occurrence of diseases, we also need to spray 1000 times plant growth regulators such as green arrow and Huafu on the foliage to enhance the ability of plants to resist cold and disease. In case of cloudy days, use smoke or dust as much as possible to prevent disease, reduce the humidity in the shed, and avoid the occurrence of diseases.

In two kinds of Incompatible Liquids, adding one kind of assistant can make one of the liquids dispersed in another liquid with very small particles or liquid beads, and become a more stable emulsion. This action is called emulsification, and the auxiliaries that play the role are called emulsifiers.

Surfactant is a substance which can significantly reduce the surface tension of solvent (generally water) or the interfacial tension between liquid and liquid, change the surface state of voxels and produce ethylene to meet the application requirements.

Emulsification, dispersion and solubilization. Solubilization: The presence of micelles increases the solubility of substances in solvents. This phenomenon is called solubilization.

Solubilization is different from emulsification. When one liquid is dispersed in the other, the system is unstable and eventually stratified. Solubilization can make the system more stable. When the surfactant concentration of the solution reaches the critical micelle concentration, the micelle can dissolve the oily substance in its own lipophilic part. In pesticide emulsifiers, surfactants have obvious solubilization effect on pesticides, which helps to improve the emulsifying performance, especially the stability, and can reduce the amount of emulsifiers.

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