How to plant green leaves of Jiuye? Nine-leaf green pepper is a very competitive early-maturing variety among many varieties of pepper, and is rich in various trace elements such as copper, iron, vitamin C and manganese required by the human body. Today we are going to learn a set of three-year high-yield cultivation techniques of a set of nine-year-old green peppers that have been planted for two years in the Rongfu Huajiao Cooperative of Rongchang District, Chongqing. 1 Jianyuan The pepper garden is located in the industrial and agricultural tea industry community of Guangshun Street, Rongchang District, Chongqing. The garden is selected from the hilly gentle slopes with a slope of 25° or less. The leeward is sunny and the drainage is good. The digging scales with a slope of ≥10° are used for land preparation or horizontal laddering to maintain water and soil. The slope is 15 to 20°, the width of the ladder is 3 to 4 m, the slope is 10 to 14°, and the width of the ladder is 5 to 6 m. Infrastructure such as field road network, water conservancy facilities and irrigation systems for irrigation and production management. Centering on the planting point, the excavation planting pit is 1.0 m×1.0 m×0.5 m. The topsoil and the core soil in 0-25 cm are piled up separately, and the stones are removed. 5 to 10 kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 5 kg per hole are used. Straw weeds, straw weeds and topsoil backfilled, fertile farmyard manure and topsoil mixed backfill, fertilizer and root system maintained a distance of more than 20 cm, so as not to affect the survival rate of root burning. Planted in September 2008, the plant spacing was 4 m × 2 m, and the average planting of 83 plants was 667 m 2 . The first-grade seedlings are selected, the root system is developed, and the long and injured roots are trimmed before planting, and the yellow mud roots are used to maintain moisture. The depth of planting should be slightly higher than the ground of the seedlings. Keep the roots of the seedlings stretched. The soil should be compacted by hand or foot. Do not beat with the hoe. Because the roots are not fully lignified, it is easy to damage the roots. The main plant variety Jiuyeqing pepper has strong adaptability, fast growth, early results, high yield, large grain, green color, positive taste, strong aroma and high oil content. It is suitable for both fresh food and processing. 2 plastic trim Nine-leaf green pepper is a kind of hi-light tree species. It has strong hair-splitting force, the crown is easy to be crowded, and the inner light is insufficient. In order to achieve reasonable equipment, firm skeleton, clear branches, strong branches, good ventilation and light transmission, high yield and good quality, the three main branches are naturally happy shape shaping, which is characterized by no central trunk and evenly distributed on the trunk. The main branches, each of which has 2 to 3 side branches, and the resulting branches and fruit branches are placed on the side branches and the main branches. After planting, when the stem height of the seedlings reaches 60 cm or more, it is dried in time. The dry height is 50-60 cm, and the full bud is left under the cut. The cut is 0.5 cm from the cut bud, and the cut is flat. The stem of the upper end in the range of 10 to 20 cm is a plastic belt. After the seedlings are germinated, the buds other than the plastic belts are wiped out in time to concentrate the nutrients and promote the growth of new shoots in the plastic belt. Select three stable new shoots with uniform distribution in the plastic belt. When the length is 40~50 cm, the core is selected and identified as the three main branches to cultivate, and the horizontal angle between the main branches is about 120°. 50 ~ 60 °, the main branch is balanced, the rest of the new shoots and sprouts in the plastic belt are wiped out at the right time. Choose 2 to 3 branches on both sides of the main branch (should choose to leave the oblique side or the upper side) to cultivate the side branches, and remove the buds on the back and back. By analogy, 3 to 4 small side branches are cultured on each side branch. The main trunk, the main branch and the side branches form a tree skeleton, forming a natural happy shape extending to the periphery, which is completed in 3 to 5 years, and the height of the tree is controlled at about 2 m. 1) Pruning of young trees. In the second year after planting, only the main branches were short-cut, and the remaining branches were not short-cut, and the dense branches, thin branches, and diseased branches were removed, and strong branches were retained. 2) Trimming of the result tree. Pruning in the season of picking peppers is good for improving light conditions, improving photosynthesis efficiency, accumulating nutrients, enriching flower buds, promoting differentiation and easing tree potential, and not easily sprouting long branches. Gradually sparse the extra large branches, finely pruning the branches in the crown, mainly to sparsely cut off the pests, branches, overlapping branches, dense branches, and long branches, creating good conditions for ventilation and light transmission in the canopy. The results are strong and weak, interlaced to occupy space, so that the inside and outside stays evenly, and can reach into the fist everywhere, easy to harvest. For the Wangzhi with growth space, it is light and short, and in the second year, it is strong and weak, and it is cultivated into a branch group. From late August to early September, the erect autumn shoots are twisted at 10 cm from the base, and the branches are inclined at 45° to inhibit their growth and promote ripening. 3 Soil and water management The roots of the Chinese prickly ash are shallow, and the weeds compete with the water for serious fertilizer. In the same year, we planted 1 or 2 times of cultivating and weeding. In the following spring, summer, summer and autumn, each season, weeding and weeding. It is shallow in spring and summer, with a depth of about 10 cm. The autumn cultivating is appropriately deepened after the leaves are collected from the pepper. It is advisable to use legumes, green manure crops, etc., and cut them in the soil or cover them for tree trays. After the seedlings have survived, they can be fertilized in moderation. The 1-2 year old saplings are mainly nitrogenous fertilizers, and they are applied thinly to promote the formation of the crown as soon as possible. From March to September, apply high-nitrogen compound fertilizer once every 1-2 months, and 50 g of each plant should be treated with 5-10 kg of manure. At the end of October, the key organic fertilizers were applied, 1.5 to 2.5 kg per plant. If the soil is dry and the shoots are wilting, it should be irrigated in time. The amount of irrigation should be soaked in the soil around the root system. It can be added to the decomposed manure and manure, which is beneficial to moisturizing and moisturizing. 4 flower and fruit adjustment From mid-January to mid-March, flower bud differentiation and inflorescence extraction, using amino acid water-soluble fertilizer 25 mL + triacontanol 10 mL + boric acid + guanidine aminoguanidine 10 mL or sodium nitrophenolate + trace element water-soluble fertilizer 10 g + azole ether · Daisenlian (pyrazole ether glutamic acid sensation) bactericide with 15 kg of water sprayed throughout the plant, promote flowers, flowers. From early April to early May, the formation of young pepper fruit, fruit growth period, triacontanol 10 mL + high potassium elemental water soluble fertilizer 25 g + sodium nitrophenolate water 15 kg + calcium fertilizer + protective fungicide + imidacloprid + snail Rouge + pyrazole ether glutathione + methrin insecticide sprayed fruit, with triacontanol 10 mL + amino acid water soluble fertilizer 25 mL + potassium dihydrogen phosphate 25 g water 15 kg spray, plus Apply high potassium and high tower nitrate-sulfur compound fertilizer. From the beginning of July to the beginning of September, the summer shoot growth period, when the branches are 20 ~ 25 cm, spray with Ai Zhuang + Youfeng + Potassium Fertilizer 1 000 times to shorten the internodes and promote the aging of branches. At the beginning of mid-October, when the branches are beginning to mature, you can use Youfeng 10mL+ must cure 25g or Syngenta Stuart 15mL, 1 000 times liquid spray, inhibit nutrient consumption and promote flower bud differentiation. Pay special attention to the spraying of pepper on the surface of the leaves. It is advisable to avoid the high temperature period before 10:00 am or after 4 pm on a sunny day. Spraying within 4 hours after spraying should be replenished. The concentration should be strictly controlled, and the concentration should be appropriately lowered at high temperature. Evenly spray on the back and surface of the leaf, the amount of spray is preferably to the tip of the leaf. Mix with pesticides and spray according to product specifications. 5 pest control The pests and diseases that are more harmful to pepper are aphids, swallowtail butterflies, red spiders, gibberella, anthracnose, bituminous disease, leaf spot disease, foot rot, blight, rust, etc., which occur mostly in early May to October. , according to the specific circumstances to prevent and control. 5.1 Locust In the early stage of the occurrence, you can choose to control in time, such as gram, arica, imidacloprid, emeramide, and crushing. Yellow sticky board can also be used, 15 to 20 pieces for 667 m 2 and 1.5 to 2.0 m for suspension height. The yellow sticky insect board is trapped on both sides, which is convenient to use and has good effect. 5.2 Swallowtail Three to four generations a year occur, and the larvae are large and easy to find, mainly based on artificial killing. When it is serious, it can be sprayed with green worm, Bacillus thuringiensis, poison arrow, rice blast, and Kang Kuan. The use of solar insecticidal lamps to trap adult insects is even better. 5.3 Red spider, attached line The red spider is mainly responsible for the spring shoots and autumn shoots of the pepper, and the main cluster of the attached mites is harmful on the back of the leaves. In the flower bud period, the use of cockroaches + enemy death, endangered, Wangte, knife knife red, Qi Ling, crystal stone sulfur mixture and other prevention and control. It is also possible to use predatory cockroaches for biological control and to minimize the use of pesticides. 5.4 Gypsophila Hidden in the trunk of the tree cork and the cortex to feed, affecting the growth of the tree, causing the tree to weaken and even die. In the early stage of larval damage, the bark turns black, and a knife is used to slash 2 to 3 knives along the trunk of the victim to prevent the bark from being wormed by the insects. The skin of the victim is painted with 80% dichlorvos 20 times solution or trichlorfon 20 times solution. The old newspaper sputum liquid is used to pack the damaged trunk, and then tightly wrapped with a film package to kill the larva. During the adult emergence period, the use of propanol phoxim 30 ~ 50 mL + Youfeng 10 mL, 1 000 times the spray of trunk to the liquid medicine, the control effect is significant. 5.5 snails, crickets In the early stage of the occurrence, when it is sunny in the evening and fine after the rain, special agents such as metaldehyde are used to spread the poison under the canopy or the grass around the trunk. 5.6 Anthrax Protection before the onset of young shoots, early prevention and treatment. Use Antaisheng, Haolik, take enemy stability and other spraying, 15 to 20 d prevention and control once, for 2 to 3 times. 5.7 rust In some years, rust occurs seriously, affecting the life span of pepper. In the young shoots 5 ~ 10 cm, the choice of Zhizhi, An Taisheng, Syngenta Xiutte, Youfeng, Haolik and other spraying, spraying once every 20 days, 2 to 3 times in a row. 5.8 Overwintering pests and diseases The crown is sprayed with a stone sulphur mixture of 0.3 to 0.5 ° Bé, and the soil is sprayed with a 3 to 5 ° Bé stone sulphur mixture to reduce the wintering base. Use white paint (5 kg of quicklime, 0.5 kg of sulfur, 20 kg of water) to coat the trunk with anti-freeze and pest control. 6 Harvesting and storage The flower peppers are generally harvested in early June and harvested before June 20. The dried peppers were harvested from mid-June to mid-July, and harvesting was completed in mid-September. The harvested pepper is generally combined with the tree retracting and refining, and can also be harvested by hand or a dedicated fruit picker. Picking pepper should choose sunny weather to avoid harvesting when there is dew on rainy and cloudy days. Place a thick film under the tree and gently cut the peppercorns onto the membrane to remove residual leaves. After a harvest is completed, the collection is lightly placed in the basket, not squeezed, shipped out in time, and immediately sold or dried for storage to reduce the loss of volatile oil and ensure quality. The above is the main technical point of cultivation of green pepper. Farmers who want to plant green leaves of Kapok can first consult the cultivation experience of other areas! Lactobacillus Plantarum,Lactobacillus Plantarum Powder,Lactobacillus Plantarum Probiotic,Lactobacillus Plantarum Supplement Biodep Biotechnology Co. ,Ltd. , https://www.mbioda.com
