First, the fall pest insect species and control. Autumn shoots are the result of next year branches. If eaten by pests, it will seriously affect the formation of flower buds next year. Autumn shoot pests are mostly leafworms and leafworms of various leaf types. One of the most serious cases is the sputum (felt disease) and the long-horned cheeks, etc., in September-November each year. Therefore, during this period of time, the orchards should be patrolled, especially when the young shoots are just extracted until the leaves turn red. The prevention and control of such pests can be used to exterminate 1500 times of emulsion oil to spray water, a bottle of medicine with half a kilogram of water, can dilute 350 kilograms of water, and the effect is ideal. Can also be used 5% efficient eradication of 100 EC, speed to kill D and other water 1500 times, the effect is better. Second, winter pest control. 1. Turtle Longhorned Cattle: The damage to old lychees and longan trees aged 30-50 years is very serious. Many of the branches are dead. The Turtle beetles are produced once a year. Adults are heavily feathered in July and spawned heavily in August. On the large finger of mother finger, the egg hatched in September was a first-instar larvae, and in December, a few turned to a second-instar larvae. In October-December, it is the best time to prevent and treat young instars by using drugs, and it can be controlled or captured manually. 2. Aphid leafhoppers: At present, the damage is very serious in various parts of the country. The insects invade from young leaf leaves, and when the leaf turns green, the leaves are destroyed, greatly affecting the photosynthesis of the leaves, making the whole tree grow weaker and weaker. great influence. Because the leaf aphid mosquitoes occur seven generations a year and they are stacked one on top of another. When the young leaves are slightly larger than the rice grains, the adults can lay eggs on the leaves until the leaves have not turned green. In recent years, according to the habits of leafhoppers, we use leafhoppers from the end of February to the beginning of March every year. Overwintering mature larvae climb out of leafhoppers and into the soil. At this time around the canopy, 3% methyl is used. Isoflusal granules, 5 kg per mu, plus 2 O kg of fine sand or mud, mix in the end of February to early March every year, evenly spread the medicine in the soil around the canopy, and thin cover 1-2 cm soil , The drug can maintain 3O to 40 days efficacy in the case of soil cover. It can be killed by the death of the larvae and the emergence of adult eclosion at the end of March and April. This method is applied to the twigs of nearly 10,000 plants in Yuanshanbei and Qingxi Township in Dongyi City. The control effect is more than 93.78%, and the medicine is used once a year; the effect can be achieved throughout the year. 3. Leafhoppers (felt disease): In the tender shoots of autumn shoots, spray triclosan 800 times and spray 1-2 times. Ye Yan ancestors invade young leaves, such as the winter control of good shoots, shoot spray prompt killing flower elements, kill the winter shoots, can reduce the occurrence of leafhoppers. Third, winter litchi disease prevention and treatment. The pathogens of Phytophthora capsici in litchi were overwintering in the diseased leaves, diseased branches of the trees, fallen leaves under the trees, residual leaves of the litter and the soil around the trees. Elimination of overwintering pathogens can reduce the outbreak of the disease in the early spring. In the middle and early March of each year, before the non-flowering of Litchi, 500-600 times of copper oxychloride, or 0.5% lime equal amount of Bordeaux mixture, spray the canopy leaves, under the tree and the surrounding ground to kill the pathogen. . Where there is a history of severe epidemic disease, winter defense should be conducted once. Litchi anthracnose often occurs in weak trees, with 8O% spray grams of 600-8OO times or thiophanate-methyl 8000 times plus 1% urea with water spray, can effectively prevent the occurrence of anthrax. Fourth, re-apply organic fertilizer, improve the soil, so that litchi heading and flowering results, there can be enough fertilizer to supply tree nutrients. Apply a basal fertilizer, such as chicken gizzards, swine crickets, human waste, garbage, green manure, etc. Each tree with 5O kilograms of fruit knots will be dug around the canopy with a ring ditch, and the fertilizer will be applied under the fertilizer, chicken gizzard, pig gizzard, Composting fertilizer, each tree applies 25-40 kg; if human excreta, peanut bran water and fertilizer are applied 50 kg, green fertilizer applied 100 kg, while adding 0.5-1.0 kg of superphosphate, O.5 kg of lime. However, organic fertilizers must not be applied later than mid-November. Late effects can cause adverse effects. In order to increase the yield of litchi and longan, the habit of applying chemical fertilizers should be changed. This has an important effect on the continuous production increase of fruit trees. China Agricultural Network Editor