In the northern regions of China, especially in the cold rice areas, the growing season of rice is tense, and the traditional small-shed seedlings are easily affected by low temperatures, resulting in low rate of rice formation. Using greenhouses to raise rice seedlings can be planted in advance to ensure the growth of seedlings. The rice seedlings can be inserted into greenhouses to raise rice seedlings for the low temperature during the growing season during the rice breeding season in northern rice. The greenhouse insulation, selected seeds, precision seeding, precision fertilization, pest control, and adjustment The key technologies such as temperature-controlled water and cultivation of strong oysters will increase the yield and stabilize rice production. 1. Selected fine seeds, appropriate sowing. According to the local accumulated temperature and variety ripening period, the varieties with high yield, high quality, and strong stress resistance that have been approved by the State, Province, or Land Reclamation Bureau are selected as main varieties. The seeding period of greenhouse seedlings can be earlier than the seeding period of seedlings grown in greenhouses, and the seedling age can be controlled within 30-45 days. 2. Build a greenhouse and warm the soil. Cold rice fields are generally grown in greenhouses or in greenhouses. They have large air capacity and small temperature difference between day and night to avoid the impact of early low temperature on nursery. Cold-season rice has low temperatures in the early spring and the soil temperature is slowly rising. It is necessary to build greenhouses 10-20 days ahead of the sowing date to speed up soil warming. Generally, the shed is 5.0-6.0 meters wide, 1.5 meters high and 30-40 meters long. The shed is 6.0-7.0 meters wide, 2.2-2.7 meters high and 60 meters long. Before the emergence of rice cultivation areas in cold areas to insulation, such as the temperature is too low, can be covered with three membranes (adding a film, a small greenhouse film) and other measures to increase temperature and heat preservation. 3 bed soil production, put the disc soil. Seedling bed soil sieve to remove stones, dead branches and rotten leaves. Do a good job in acid, disinfection and fertilization, adjust the acid can be used strong blister agent or solid acid acid, bed soil suitable pH value of 4.5-5.5, prevent blight, etc., to cultivate strong seedlings. Bed soil is sifted through three parts of upland soil or paddy soil, mixed with a fully decomposed and sieved organic fertilizer, and then the pH is firstly determined to determine the acidity to be adjusted, and the bed soil is then acidified, disinfected and fertilized. . Before the disinfection, the foot water shall be poured first, and the bed soil moisture shall be saturated after the application of the disinfection. Bed soil disinfectants are generally used 30% Rui Miaoqing, 30% soil bacteria or 3% seedling spirit, seedling green. After the processes of leveling, acid adjustment, disinfection, and fertilization are completed, 2-3 days before sowing, the rakes are neatly placed on the bed, and the sampans are placed close to each other, and the bed is soiled with a swing. Bed soil thickness should be uniform, generally about 2.5 centimeters thick, with soil sealed around the sub-disk. 4 soaking germination, precision seeding. Before germination, germination tests are performed as required, and the germination rate of the seeds is required to be above 85%-90%. The conventional japonica rice in the north is selected by salt water with a specific gravity of 1.13 or mechanically selected. Pre-sowing seeds and seed treatment before sowing, soaking with fungicides such as seed coating, “soaking seedâ€, “Sprocc + natural brassinâ€, and “Silk hour†for 72 hours (Heilongjiang is generally at 12°C Soaking for 5-7 days at the right and left temperature) to prevent the emergence of pathogens such as seedling blight and bastard disease. Using high temperature (35-38 °C) to break the chest, exposed white seed temperature control at 25-28 °C or so, appropriate temperature germination, shoot length less than 2 mm, after sowing buds evenly sowing. Seeding is usually started when the local temperature reaches 5-6°C, suitable for early sowing and drought-inducing seedlings. The best sowing date for Heilongjiang Province is April 15-20. The three-membrane covering (large greenhouse membrane, small greenhouse membrane, plastic membrane) for seedlings can be planted on April 5-15. Press 3 acres of seeds per acre Honda, with 5 to 6 kg of water, add 25% of Bao Ke EC 2 ml or 35% 20 ml of Yamiao Ling mix, the water temperature is maintained at about 12 °C, soaking and disinfection for 5 to 7 days. It is recommended to promote bag seed soaking, which facilitates turning, draining, and aeration, and tipping up and down once a day. Wherever possible conditions can be concentrated soaking germination technology. Machine transplanting conventional rice paddy planting capacity 90-120 g/disc. Before sowing, the smashing discs are thoroughly sprayed with fine atomizers to dilute the bottom water, and can be sown with a precision seeder to achieve rare and strong seeding. 5. Greenhouse temperature and tray water management. Temperature and humidity standards for each stage of the nursery period: 1) Seed root development period: From sowing to emergence, about 7-9 days, the main seedlings are cultivated. This period is generally not watered, and the temperature in the shed does not exceed 32°C. If the film is covered, the plastic film will be folded after emergence. If the temperature exceeds 35°C, the ventilation on the sides of the greenhouse should be opened and the ventilation should be closed at 4-5 pm. 2) The first complete leaf extension period: from the emergence to the first complete leaf unfolding, takes about 5 days, during this period the aboveground control first leaf sheath height does not exceed 3 cm, the underground part promotes the sheath leaf that is coextensive with the first leaf. Roots and roots of 5 roots, when the emergence of 80% when the film removed, the greenhouse temperature controlled at 22-25 °C, the maximum does not exceed 28 °C, timely ventilation seedlings; in addition to seedlings over dry water, generally less or not watering, so that The seedbed remains in a dry field state. 3) Weaning period: From the second leaf to the third leaf, it takes about 10-14 days to prevent the stems and leaves from becoming long and the temperature and moisture are controlled. The temperature in the shed is controlled at 20-22°C. The maximum is not more than 25 °C; If the bed is white and the roots are well developed, the tip of the heart does not spit water in the morning or evening, or the leaf curls in the noon, and it is watered at about 8 o'clock in the morning and drenched once. Before transplanting, according to the weather and the temperature conditions in the shed, more vents should be provided for timely training. The daytime temperature for practicing seedlings generally does not exceed 20°C, and is generally not less than 10°C at night. When nighttime temperature stability passes 7°C, it can be ventilated overnight. 6. Cultivate strong and prevent disease. On the basis of good seed disinfection, seedbed and bed soil, acid adjustment, and disinfection, during the field of Putian prevention and control of blight, bastard disease and so on. Advocate with machine plug. Do a good job in temperature regulation and water control, and cultivate the machine to insert strong and strong seedlings. The seedlings should have a well-developed root system, suitable seedling height, stout stems, and green and uniform foliage. If there is a change of leaf color in the seedlings, urea fertilizer should be applied. Transplanting seedlings are mostly seedlings. Northern cold rice requires 30-35 days of ageing, 3.1-3.5 leaf age, and 12-15 cm plant height. The seedlings are required to be evenly and neatly arranged, rooted and knotted and lifted. Artificial Sweeteners
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